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A fundamental challenge in protein design is the trade-off between generating structural diversity while preserving motif biological function. Current state-of-the-art methods, such as partial diffusion in RFdiffusion, often fail to resolve…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-22 Kevin Michalewicz , Chen Jin , Philip Alexander Teare , Tom Diethe , Mauricio Barahona , Barbara Bravi , Asher Mullokandov

Developing effective representations of protein structures is essential for advancing protein science, particularly for protein generative modeling. Current approaches often grapple with the complexities of the SE(3) manifold, rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shaoning Li , Le Zhuo , Yusong Wang , Mingyu Li , Xinheng He , Fandi Wu , Hongsheng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Protein modeling is an increasingly popular area of machine learning research. Semi-supervised learning has emerged as an important paradigm in protein modeling due to the high cost of acquiring supervised protein labels, but the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Roshan Rao , Nicholas Bhattacharya , Neil Thomas , Yan Duan , Xi Chen , John Canny , Pieter Abbeel , Yun S. Song

Recently described stochastic models of protein evolution have demonstrated that the inclusion of structural information in addition to amino acid sequences leads to a more reliable estimation of evolutionary parameters. We present a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-09-22 Michael Golden , Eduardo García-Portugués , Michael Sørensen , Kanti V. Mardia , Thomas Hamelryck , Jotun Hein

In recent years, deep learning techniques have made significant strides in molecular generation for specific targets, driving advancements in drug discovery. However, existing molecular generation methods present significant limitations:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Taojie Kuang , Qianli Ma , Athanasios V. Vasilakos , Yu Wang , Qiang , Cheng , Zhixiang Ren

Diffusion-based generative models in SE(3)-invariant space have demonstrated promising performance in molecular conformation generation, but typically require solving stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with thousands of update steps.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Zihan Zhou , Ruiying Liu , Tianshu Yu

Self-supervised learning excels at learning representations from large amounts of data. At the same time, generative models offer the complementary property of learning information about the underlying data generation process. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Emanuele Sansone , Robin Manhaeve

The rapid development of generative models for single-cell gene expression data has created an urgent need for standardised evaluation frameworks. Current evaluation practices suffer from inconsistent metric implementations, incomparable…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-13 Andrea Rubbi , Andrea Giuseppe Di Francesco , Mohammad Lotfollahi , Pietro Liò

Protein representation learning methods have shown great potential to yield useful representation for many downstream tasks, especially on protein classification. Moreover, a few recent studies have shown great promise in addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Can Chen , Jingbo Zhou , Fan Wang , Xue Liu , Dejing Dou

Artificial intelligence for scientific discovery has recently generated significant interest within the machine learning and scientific communities, particularly in the domains of chemistry, biology, and material discovery. For these…

Proteins typically exist in complexes, interacting with other proteins or biomolecules to perform their specific biological roles. Research on single-chain protein modeling has been extensively and deeply explored, with advancements seen in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ruizhe Chen , Dongyu Xue , Xiangxin Zhou , Zaixiang Zheng , Xiangxiang Zeng , Quanquan Gu

Large Language Models have significantly advanced the field of code generation, demonstrating the ability to produce functionally correct code snippets. However, advancements in generative AI for code overlook foundational Software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Mootez Saad , José Antonio Hernández López , Boqi Chen , Neil Ernst , Dániel Varró , Tushar Sharma

Analyzing the structure of proteins is a key part of understanding their functions and thus their role in biology at the molecular level. In addition, design new proteins in a methodical way is a major engineering challenge. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Hao Huang , Boulbaba Ben Amor , Xichan Lin , Fan Zhu , Yi Fang

The Genomic Foundation Model (GFM) paradigm is expected to facilitate the extraction of generalizable representations from massive genomic data, thereby enabling their application across a spectrum of downstream applications. Despite…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-06 Zicheng Liu , Jiahui Li , Siyuan Li , Zelin Zang , Cheng Tan , Yufei Huang , Yajing Bai , Stan Z. Li

Generative modeling techniques such as Diffusion and Flow Matching have achieved significant successes in generating designable and diverse protein backbones. However, many current models are computationally expensive, requiring hundreds or…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-30 Junhua Chen , Simon Mathis , Charles Harris , Kieran Didi , Pietro Lio

Protein complex formation is a central problem in biology, being involved in most of the cell's processes, and essential for applications, e.g. drug design or protein engineering. We tackle rigid body protein-protein docking, i.e.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Octavian-Eugen Ganea , Xinyuan Huang , Charlotte Bunne , Yatao Bian , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola , Andreas Krause

Unified multimodal models integrate the reasoning capacity of large language models with both image understanding and generation, showing great promise for advanced multimodal intelligence. However, the community still lacks a rigorous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hongxiang Li , Yaowei Li , Bin Lin , Yuwei Niu , Yuhang Yang , Xiaoshuang Huang , Jiayin Cai , Xiaolong Jiang , Yao Hu , Long Chen

Protein design, a grand challenge of the day, involves optimization on a fitness landscape, and leading methods adopt a model-based approach where a model is trained on a training set (protein sequences and fitness) and proposes candidates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Saba Ghaffari , Ehsan Saleh , Alexander G. Schwing , Yu-Xiong Wang , Martin D. Burke , Saurabh Sinha

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) leverages the three-dimensional geometry of proteins to identify potential drug candidates. Traditional approaches, rooted in physicochemical modeling and domain expertise, are often resource-intensive.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-19 Zaixi Zhang , Jiaxian Yan , Yining Huang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen , Mengdi Wang , Marinka Zitnik

Protein folding models have achieved groundbreaking results typically via a combination of integrating domain knowledge into the architectural blocks and training pipelines. Nonetheless, given the success of generative models across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yuyang Wang , Jiarui Lu , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind , Miguel Angel Bautista
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