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Approximate Nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is fundamental and essential operation in applications from many domains, such as databases, machine learning, multimedia, and computer vision. Although many algorithms have been continuously…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Wen Li , Ying Zhang , Yifang Sun , Wei Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a cornerstone algorithm for information retrieval, recommendation systems, and machine learning applications. While x86-based architectures have historically dominated this domain, the…

On-disk graph-based approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is essential for large-scale, high-dimensional vector retrieval, yet its performance is widely recognized to be limited by the prohibitive I/O costs. Interestingly, we observed…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Weijian Chen , Haotian Liu , Yangshen Deng , Long Xiang , Liang Huang , Bo Tang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a crucial problem in information retrieval and AI applications. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in graph-based ANNS algorithms due to their superior efficiency and accuracy.…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhenxin Li , Shuibing He , Jiahao Guo , Xuechen Zhang , Xian-He Sun , Gang Chen

Graph-based ANNS algorithms have gained increasing research interest and market adoption due to their efficiency and accuracy in retrieval. Existing approaches primarily rely on CPUs for graph index construction and retrieval, but this…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lan Lu , Peiqi Yin , Isaac Yang , Tao Luo , Hua Fan , Wenchao Zhou , Feifei Li , Boon Thau Loo

Vector search underpins modern AI applications by supporting approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) queries over high-dimensional embeddings in tasks like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), recommendation systems, and multimodal search.…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shurui Zhong , Dingheng Mo , Siqiang Luo

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental operation in vector databases, enabling efficient similarity search in high-dimensional spaces. While dense ANNS has been optimized using specialized hardware accelerators, sparse…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Tianqi Zhang , Flavio Ponzina , Tajana Rosing

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) plays an indispensable role in a wide variety of applications, including recommendation systems, information retrieval, and semantic search. Among the cutting-edge ANNS algorithms, graph-based…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Weihong Xu , Junwei Chen , Po-Kai Hsu , Jaeyoung Kang , Minxuan Zhou , Sumukh Pinge , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

Disk-based graph indexes for approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) must serve latency-sensitive queries and throughput-demanding updates concurrently. We observe that over 40% of search-thread CPU time is spent stalling on disk I/O;…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Juncheng Zhang , Yuanming Ren , Yongkun Li , Patrick P. C. Lee

In recent years, Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) has played a pivotal role in modern search and recommendation systems, especially in emerging LLM applications like Retrieval-Augmented Generation. There is a growing exploration…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yiping Sun , Yang Shi , Jiaolong Du

The in-memory approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms have achieved great success for fast high-recall query processing, but are extremely inefficient when handling hybrid queries with unstructured (i.e., feature vectors) and…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Wei Wu , Junlin He , Yu Qiao , Guoheng Fu , Li Liu , Jin Yu

As the state-of-the-art methods for high-dimensional data retrieval, Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) approaches with graph-based indexes have attracted increasing attention and play a crucial role in many real-world applications,…

The in-memory algorithms for approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) have achieved great success for fast high-recall search, but are extremely expensive when handling very large scale database. Thus, there is an increasing request for…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Qi Chen , Bing Zhao , Haidong Wang , Mingqin Li , Chuanjie Liu , Zengzhong Li , Mao Yang , Jingdong Wang

Continual learning with neural networks is an important learning framework in AI that aims to learn a sequence of tasks well. However, it is often confronted with three challenges: (1) overcome the catastrophic forgetting problem, (2) adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Qiang Gao , Zhipeng Luo , Diego Klabjan

Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search on SSD-backed indexes is increasingly I/O-bound (I/O accounts for 70--90\% of query latency). We present an I/O-first framework for disk-based ANN that organizes techniques along three dimensions:…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Liang Li , Shufeng Gong , Yanan Yang , Yiduo Wang , Jie Wu

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is essential for various data-intensive applications, including recommendation systems, image retrieval, and machine learning. Scaling ANNS to handle billions of high-dimensional vectors on a…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Qian Xu , Feng Zhang , Chengxi Li , Lei Cao , Zheng Chen , Jidong Zhai , Xiaoyong Du

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high-dimensional spaces finds extensive applications in databases, information retrieval, recommender systems, etc. While graph-based methods have emerged as the leading solution for ANNS due to…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jiancheng Ruan , Tingyang Chen , Renchi Yang , Xiangyu Ke , Yunjun Gao

This paper studies density-based clustering of point sets. These methods use dense regions of points to detect clusters of arbitrary shapes. In particular, we study variants of density peaks clustering, a popular type of algorithm that has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shangdi Yu , Joshua Engels , Yihao Huang , Julian Shun

Graph neural networks (GNN) has been successfully applied to operate on the graph-structured data. Given a specific scenario, rich human expertise and tremendous laborious trials are usually required to identify a suitable GNN architecture.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Kaixiong Zhou , Qingquan Song , Xiao Huang , Xia Hu

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANN) is a common way to retrieve relevant search results, especially now in the context of large language models and retrieval augmented generation. One of the most widely used algorithms for ANN is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Nina Mishra , Yonatan Naamad , Tal Wagner , Lichen Zhang