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The aim of a quantum network is to enable the generation of end-to-end entangled links between end nodes of the network, so that they can execute quantum network applications. To facilitate this, it is desirable to have robust control of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Thomas R. Beauchamp , Scarlett Gauthier , Stephanie Wehner

A quantum internet holds promise for achieving distributed quantum sensing and large-scale quantum computer networks, as well as quantum communication among arbitrary clients all over the globe. The main building block is efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-19 Koji Azuma

In this work we propose an addressing scheme for quantum networks which relies on quantum states held by devices. Quantum network devices use their address state together with a request state that encodes the tasks to be executed. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Alexander Pirker

Entanglement routing in near-term quantum networks consists of choosing the optimal sequence of short-range entanglements to combine through swapping operations to establish end-to-end entanglement between two distant nodes. Similar to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Amar Abane , Michael Cubeddu , Van Sy Mai , Abdella Battou

Over the past 50 years, conventional network routing design has undergone substantial growth, evolving from small networks with static nodes to large systems connecting billions of devices. This progress has been achieved through the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Binayak Kar , Pankaj Kumar

With the emergence of the Quantum Internet, the need for advanced quantum networking techniques has significantly risen. Various models of quantum repeaters have been presented, each delineating a unique strategy to ensure quantum…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Zebo Yang , Ali Ghubaish , Raj Jain , Hassan Shapourian , Alireza Shabani

The main service provided by the coming Quantum Internet will be creating entanglement between any two quantum nodes. We discuss and classify attacks on quantum repeaters, which will serve roles similar to those of classical Internet…

A quantum network promises to enable long distance quantum communication, and assemble small quantum devices into a large quantum computing cluster. Each network node can thereby be seen as a small few qubit quantum computer. Qubits can be…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Eddie Schoute , Laura Mancinska , Tanvirul Islam , Iordanis Kerenidis , Stephanie Wehner

Networks of quantum devices with coherent control over their configuration offer promising advantages in quantum information processing. So far, the investigation of these advantages assumed that the control system was initially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-21 Tamal Guha , Saptarshi Roy , Giulio Chiribella

Quantum communication represents a revolutionary advancement over classical information theory, which leverages unique quantum mechanics properties like entanglement to achieve unprecedented capabilities in secure and efficient information…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Amit Kumar Bhuyan , Hrishikesh Dutta

The realization of the Quantum Internet promises transformative capabilities in secure communication, distributed quantum computing, and high-precision metrology. However, transitioning from laboratory experiments to a scalable,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Athanasios Gkelias , Felix T. A. Burt , Kin K. Leung

Quantum networks are considered as a promising future platform for quantum information exchange and quantum applications, which have capabilities far beyond the traditional communication networks. Remote quantum entanglement is an essential…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Yiming Zeng , Jiarui Zhang , Ji Liu , Zhenhua Liu , Yuanyuan Yang

To realize a global quantum Internet, there is a need for communication between quantum subnetworks. To accomplish this task, there have been multiple design proposals for a quantum backbone network and quantum subnetworks. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Francesco Vista , Daniel Holme , Stephen DiAdamo

Until quantum repeaters become mature, quantum networks remain restricted either to limited areas of directly connected nodes or to nodes connected to a common node. We circumvent this limitation by conceiving quantum networks using secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Gui-Lu Long , Dong Pan , Yu-Bo Sheng , Qikun Xue , Jianhua Lu , Lajos Hanzo

We present a stack model for breaking down the complexity of entanglement-based quantum networks. More specifically, we focus on the structures and architectures of quantum networks and not on concrete physical implementations of network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 A. Pirker , W. Dür

The integration of quantum communication protocols over Ethernet networks is proposed, showing the potential of combining classical and quantum technologies for efficient, scalable quantum networking. By leveraging the inherent strengths of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Kun Chen-Hu , Kristian S. Jensen , Petar Popovski

This paper aims to address the challenge of designing secure and high performance Quantum Key Distribution Networks (QKDN), which are essential for encrypted communication in the era of quantum computing. Focusing on the control and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Peter Horoschenkoff , Jasper Rödiger , Martin Wilske

Qubit transmission protocols are presently point-to-point, and thus restrictive in their functionality. A quantum router is necessary for the quantum Internet to become a reality. We present a quantum router design based on teleportation,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Bernardo A. Huberman , Bob Lund

Quantum communication can enhance internet technology by enabling novel applications that are provably impossible classically. The successful execution of such applications relies on the generation of quantum entanglement between different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-29 Matthew Skrzypczyk , Stephanie Wehner

The topology of classical networks is determined by physical links between nodes, and after a network request the links are used to establish the desired connections. Quantum networks offer the possibility to generate different kinds of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Jorge Miguel-Ramiro , Alexander Pirker , Wolfgang Dür