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We perform the first global QCD analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the pion, with lattice-QCD data on gluonic pseudo--Ioffe-time distributions fitted simultaneously with experimental Drell-Yan and leading neutron…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-04 William Good , Patrick C. Barry , Huey-Wen Lin , W. Melnitchouk , Alex NieMiera , Nobuo Sato

In this paper, we present lattice QCD results for the $x$-dependence of the unpolarized gluon PDF for the proton. We use one ensemble of $N_f=2+1+1$ maximally twisted mass fermions with a clover improvement, and the Iwasaki improved gluon…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-10-03 Joseph Delmar , Constantia Alexandrou , Krzysztof Cichy , Martha Constantinou , Kyriakos Hadjiyiannakou

We present results of the x-dependence of the unpolarized gluon PDF for the proton. We use an $N_f=2+1+1$ ensemble of maximally twisted mass fermions with clover improvement and the Iwasaki improved gluon action. The quark masses are tuned…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-12-23 Joseph Delmar , Constantia Alexandrou , Krzysztof Cichy , Martha Constantinou , Kyriakos Hadjiyiannakou

We present the first determination of the $x$-dependent pion gluon distribution from lattice QCD using the pseudo-PDF approach. We use lattice ensembles with 2+1+1 flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ), generated by MILC…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-11-17 Zhouyou Fan , Huey-Wen Lin

We present the first attempt to access the $x$-dependence of the gluon unpolarized parton distribution function (PDF), based on lattice simulations using the large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) approach. The lattice calculation is…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-12-19 Zhou-You Fan , Yi-Bo Yang , Adam Anthony , Huey-Wen Lin , Keh-Fei Liu

We present the first exploratory lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculation of the polarized gluon Ioffe-time pseudo-distribution in the nucleon. The Ioffe-time pseudo-distribution provides a frame-independent and gauge-invariant…

The parton distribution functions (PDFs) provide process-independent information about the quarks and gluons inside hadrons. Although the gluon PDF can be obtained from a global fit to experimental data, it is not constrained well in the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-06-09 Zhouyou Fan , Rui Zhang , Huey-Wen Lin

We present the first lattice QCD determination of the light cone gluon helicity correlation parton distribution function (PDF) with numerical evidence toward disfavoring negative gluon polarization in the nucleon. We present a solution for…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-10-10 Tanjib Khan , Tianbo Liu , Raza Sabbir Sufian

We present a high-statistics lattice QCD determination of the valence parton distribution function (PDF) of the pion, with a mass of 300 MeV, using two very fine lattice spacings of $a=0.06$ fm and 0.04 fm. We reconstruct the $x$-dependent…

Momentum and spatial distributions of quarks and gluons inside hadrons are typically encoded in the so-called generalized parton distributions (GPDs). GPDs are multi-dimensional quantities that are very challenging to extract, both…

We perform the first simultaneous global QCD analysis of pion and kaon parton distribution functions (PDFs), constrained by pion- and kaon-induced Drell-Yan (DY) and leading neutron electroproduction data, together with lattice QCD data on…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-15 P. C. Barry , Chueng-Ryong Ji , W. Melnitchouk , N. Sato , Fernanda Steffens

In this work, we present the first results on the gluon parton distribution of the kaon from lattice quantum chromodynamics. We carry out the lattice calculation at pion mass around 310~MeV and two lattice spacings, 0.15 and 0.12~fm, using…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-12-07 Alejandro Salas-Chavira , Zhouyou Fan , Huey-Wen Lin

We present the $x$-dependent nucleon and pion gluon distribution from lattice QCD using the pseudo-PDF approach, on lattice ensembles with $2+1+1$ flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ), generated by MILC Collaboration. We use…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-10-28 Zhouyou Fan , Huey-Wen Lin

We perform a comprehensive global QCD analysis of spin-dependent parton distribution functions (PDFs), combining all available data on inclusive and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), as well as inclusive weak boson and jet…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-11 C. Cocuzza , N. T. Hunt-Smith , W. Melnitchouk , N. Sato , A. W. Thomas

Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations share a defining challenge by requiring a small finite range of spatial separation $z$ between quark/gluon bilinears for controllable power corrections in the perturbative QCD factorization,…

Study of parton distribution functions (PDFs) has led to a finer cognisance of the structure of partons in hadrons and the proton structure functions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). PDFs are instrumental in predicting results for most…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-02 Akbari Jahan , Diptimonta Neog

Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) are among the most fundamental quantities for describing the internal structure of hadrons. In this work, we present results on isovector GPDs of the proton obtained within lattice Quantum…

We present the first physical-continuum limit $x$-dependent nucleon gluon distribution from lattice QCD using the pseudo-PDF approach, on lattice ensembles with $2+1+1$ flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ), generated by MILC…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-08-02 Zhouyou Fan , William Good , Huey-Wen Lin

We present a nonperturbative determination of the pion valence parton distribution function (PDF) moment ratios $\left\langle x^{n-1} \right\rangle / \left\langle x \right\rangle$ up to $n=6$, using the gradient flow in lattice QCD. As a…

In this work, we present the first-ever calculation of the isovector flavor combination of the twist-3 parton distribution function $g_T(x)$ for the proton from lattice QCD. We use an ensemble of gauge configurations with two degenerate…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2020-12-30 Shohini Bhattacharya , Krzysztof Cichy , Martha Constantinou , Andreas Metz , Aurora Scapellato , Fernanda Steffens
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