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Reconstructing the structure of thin films and multilayers from measurements of scattered X-rays or neutrons is key to progress in physics, chemistry, and biology. However, finding all structures compatible with reflectometry data is…

A key challenge in maximizing the benefits of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in clinical settings is to accelerate acquisition times without significantly degrading image quality. This objective requires a balance between under-sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jacopo Iollo , Geoffroy Oudoumanessah , Carole Lartizien , Michel Dojat , Florence Forbes

Traditional snapshot hyperspectral imaging systems generally require multiple refractive-optics-based elements to modulate light, resulting in bulky framework. In pursuit of a more compact form factor, a metasurface-based snapshot…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-29 Qiangbo Zhang , Zeqing Yu , Xinyu Liu , Chang Wang , Zhenrong Zheng

Multi-pass transmission electron microscopy (MPTEM) has been proposed as a way to reduce damage to radiation-sensitive materials. For the field of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), this would significantly reduce the number of projections…

3D volumetric reconstruction from incomplete or noisy measurements is a fundamental problem in medical imaging and computational tomography. Deep image prior (DIP)-based methods have recently shown strong capability for solving inverse…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Haijie Yuan , Chaoyan Huang , Srijita Bandopadhyay , Liyue Shen , Saiprasad Ravishankar

State-of-the-art electron microscopes such as scanning electron microscopes (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM) have become increasingly sophisticated. However, the quality of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 I. Lobato , T. Friedrich , S. Van Aert

As a class of fruitful approaches, diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have shown excellent advantages in high-resolution image reconstruction. On the other hand, masked autoencoders (MAEs), as popular self-supervised vision learners,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Zhiyuan Ma , zhihuan yu , Jianjun Li , Bowen Zhou

Hydrogen plays critical roles in materials science, particularly for advancing technologies in hydrogen storage and phase manipulation, while also posing challenges like hydrogen embrittlement. Understanding its behavior, vital for…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-28 Pengcheng Li , Chenglin Pua , Zehao Dong , Zhengxiong Su , Tao Liu , Chao Cai , Huahai Shen , Lin Gu , Zhen Chen

This paper proposes a novel framework to regularize the highly ill-posed and non-linear Fourier ptychography problem using generative models. We demonstrate experimentally that our proposed algorithm, Deep Ptych, outperforms the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Fahad Shamshad , Farwa Abbas , Ali Ahmed

Per-scene optimization methods such as 3D Gaussian Splatting provide state-of-the-art novel view synthesis quality but extrapolate poorly to under-observed areas. Methods that leverage generative priors to correct artifacts in these areas…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Riccardo de Lutio , Tobias Fischer , Yen-Yu Chang , Yuxuan Zhang , Jay Zhangjie Wu , Xuanchi Ren , Tianchang Shen , Katarina Tothova , Zan Gojcic , Haithem Turki

By leveraging the generative priors from pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models, significant progress has been made in real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR). However, these methods tend to generate inaccurate and unnatural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Hongyang Wei , Shuaizheng Liu , Chun Yuan , Lei Zhang

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies using single particle reconstruction are extensively used to reveal structural information on macromolecular complexes. Aiming at the highest achievable resolution, state of the art electron…

A major challenge in single particle reconstruction methods using cryo-electron microscopy is to attain a resolution sufficient to interpret fine details in three-dimensional (3D) macromolecular structures. Obtaining high resolution 3D…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Lanhui Wang , Yoel Shkolnisky , Amit Singer

Despite the tremendous success of diffusion generative models in text-to-image generation, replicating this success in the domain of image compression has proven difficult. In this paper, we demonstrate that diffusion can significantly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-11 Emiel Hoogeboom , Eirikur Agustsson , Fabian Mentzer , Luca Versari , George Toderici , Lucas Theis

We introduce Posterior Distillation Sampling (PDS), a novel optimization method for parametric image editing based on diffusion models. Existing optimization-based methods, which leverage the powerful 2D prior of diffusion models to handle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Juil Koo , Chanho Park , Minhyuk Sung

We demonstrate live-updating ptychographic reconstruction with ePIE, an iterative ptychography method, during ongoing data acquisition. The reconstruction starts with a small subset of the total data, and as the acquisition proceeds the…

While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Zifei Wang , Zian Mao , Xiaoya He , Xi Huang , Haoran Zhang , Chun Cheng , Shufen Chu , Tingzheng Hou , Xiaoqin Zeng , Yujun Xie

Modern deep neural networks achieved remarkable progress in medical image segmentation tasks. However, it has recently been observed that they tend to produce overconfident estimates, even in situations of high uncertainty, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Agostina Larrazabal , Cesar Martinez , Jose Dolz , Enzo Ferrante

High dynamic range (HDR) imaging enables to immortalize natural scenes similar to the way that they are perceived by human observers. With regular low dynamic range (LDR) capture/display devices, significant details may not be preserved in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Diclehan Karakaya , Oguzhan Ulucan , Mehmet Turkan

A new method has been developed for the correction of the distortions and/or enhanced phase differentiation in Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) data. Using a multi-modal data approach, the method uses segmented images of the phase of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-03-11 Marie-Agathe Charpagne , Florian Strub , Tresa M. Pollock