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In this work, we design and characterize a 4-pixel superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) based on niobium nitride (NbN), integrated with individual planar silicon nitride (Si$_3$N$_4$) waveguides. The implemented architecture enables…

Metalenses, advanced nanostructured alternatives to conventional lenses, significantly enhance the compactness and functionality of optical systems. Despite progress in monochromatic applications, scaling metalenses to centimeter-sized…

We studied the effect of the NbN/Au contact on the sensitivities of a NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer by measuring the double sideband (DSB) receiver noise temperature (T_rec_DSB) at three local oscillator frequencies of 1.6, 2.5 and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-11-07 B. Mirzaei , J. R. G. Silva , W. J. Vreeling , W. Laauwen , D. Ren , J. R. Gao

Supplementing the publications based on the first-light observations with the German Receiver for Astronomy at Terahertz frequencies (GREAT) on SOFIA, we present background information on the underlying heterodyne detector technology. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-12 P. Pütz , C. E. Honingh , K. Jacobs , M. Justen , M. Schultz , J. Stutzki

We are developing Nb diffusion-cooled Hot Electron Bolometers (HEBs) for a large-format array submillimeter camera. We have fabricated Nb HEBs using a new angle deposition process. We have characterized these devices using heterodyne mixing…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 Matthew O. Reese , Daniel F. Santavicca , Luigi Frunzio , Daniel E. Prober

Noise Equivalent Power and time constant of a submillimeter wave Hot-Electron Bolometer (HEB) made from monolayer graphene are analyzed using the lowest electron-phonon thermal conductance data reported to date. Frequency-domain multiplexed…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-11-17 Boris S. Karasik , Christopher B. McKitterick , Daniel E. Prober

We present a comprehensive analysis and experimental study of THz hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers made from 40-nm-thick sputtered magnesium diboride (MgB2) thin films on high-resistivity silicon substrates. Using a lumped-element…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-01-22 Changyun Yoo , Changsub Kim , Daniel P. Cunnane , Boris S. Karasik

Metalenses are optical devices that implement nanostructures as phase shifters to focus incident light. Their compactness and simple fabrication make them a potential cost-effective solution for increasing light collection efficiency in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-30 A. A. Loya Villalpando , J. Martin-Albo , W. T. Chen , R. Guenette , C. Lego , J. S. Park , F. Capasso

The rapid development of infrared spectroscopy, observational astronomy, and scanning near-field microscopy has been enabled by the emergence of sensitive mid- and far-infrared photodetectors. Owing to their exceptional signal-to-noise…

Wide-angle optical functionality is crucial for implementation of advanced imaging and image projection devices. Conventionally, wide-angle operation is attained by complicated assembly of multiple optical elements. Recent advances in…

We have demonstrated three 4x2 hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer arrays for operation at local oscillator (LO) frequencies of 1.46, 1.9 and 4.7 THz, respectively. They consist of spiral antenna coupled NbN HEB mixers combined with…

We study the performance of an hot-electron bolometer (HEB) operating at THz frequencies based on superconducting niobium nitride films. We report on the voltage response of the detector over a large optical bandwidth carried out with…

This article reviews the state of rapidly emerging terahertz hot-electron nanobolometers (nano-HEB), which are currently among of the most sensitive radiation power detectors at submillimeter wavelengths. With the achieved noise equivalent…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-01-22 Boris S. Karasik , Andrei V. Sergeev , Daniel E. Prober

In this paper we give a detailed analysis of the expected sensitivity and operating conditions in the power detection mode of a hot-electron bolometer (HEB) made from a few {\mu}m$^2$ of monolayer graphene (MLG) flake which can be embedded…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Boris S. Karasik , Christopher B. McKitterick , Daniel E. Prober

The ongoing effort to implement compact and cheap optical systems is the main driving force for the recent flourishing research in the field of optical metalenses. Metalenses are a type of metasurface, used for focusing and imaging…

Metalenses, artificially engineered subwavelength nanostructures to focus light within ultrathin thickness, promise potential for a paradigm shift of conventional optical devices. However, the aperture sizes of metalenses are usually bound…

Metamaterials and metasurfaces are widely used to manipulate electromagnetic waves over a broad range of wavelengths. Several recent efforts have focused on metalenses, ultra-thin optical elements that focus light using subwavelength…

Optics · Physics 2020-08-31 Fatih Balli , Mansoor A. Sultan , Sarah K. Lami , Jeffrey T. Hastings

Recently, metalenses which consist of metasurface arrays, have attracted attention due to their more condensed size in comparison with conventional lenses. In this paper, we propose a reconfigurable coding metasurface hybridized with…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-09 Roya Kargar , Kasra Rouhi , Ali Abdolali

Thanks to the compact design and multi-functional light-manipulation capabilities, reconfigurable metalenses, which consist of arrays of sub-wavelength meta-atoms, offer unique opportunities for advanced optical systems, from microscopy to…

We present high-performance terahertz (THz) metal-mesh bandpass filters developed to mitigate direct detection effects in sensitive THz receivers based on superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers. These metal-mesh filters are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-01-22 Changyun Yoo , Jeffrey L. Hesler , Boris S. Karasik
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