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Unlike the traditional dock-based systems, dockless bike-sharing systems are more convenient for users in terms of flexibility. However, the flexibility of these dockless systems comes at the cost of management and operation complexity.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Jingjing Gu , Qiang Zhou , Jingyuan Yang , Yanchi Liu , Fuzhen Zhuang , Yanchao Zhao , Hui Xiong

Network security threats in embedded systems pose significant challenges to critical infrastructure protection. This paper presents a comprehensive framework combining ensemble learning methods with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Wanru Shao

Unsupervised anomaly detection tackles the problem of finding anomalies inside datasets without the labels availability; since data tagging is typically hard or expensive to obtain, such approaches have seen huge applicability in recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Tommaso Barbariol , Gian Antonio Susto

In this paper, we propose DiFF-RF, an ensemble approach composed of random partitioning binary trees to detect point-wise and collective (as well as contextual) anomalies. Thanks to a distance-based paradigm used at the leaves of the trees,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Pierre-Francois Marteau

Bike-sharing is a popular component of sustainable urban mobility. It requires anticipatory planning, e.g. of station locations and inventory, to balance expected demand and capacity. However, external factors such as extreme weather or…

Applications · Statistics 2023-02-01 Nicola Rennie , Catherine Cleophas , Adam M. Sykulski , Florian Dost

Anomaly detection plays an increasingly important role in various fields for critical tasks such as intrusion detection in cybersecurity, financial risk detection, and human health monitoring. A variety of anomaly detection methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Haolong Xiang , Xuyun Zhang , Hongsheng Hu , Lianyong Qi , Wanchun Dou , Mark Dras , Amin Beheshti , Xiaolong Xu

Industrial maintenance is being transformed by the Internet of Things and edge computing, generating continuous data streams that demand real-time, adaptive decision-making under limited computational resources. While data stream mining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Ana Rita Paupério , Diogo Risca , Afonso Lourenço , Goreti Marreiros , Ricardo Martins

Computer network anomaly detection and log analysis, as an important topic in the field of network security, has been a key task to ensure network security and system reliability. First, existing network anomaly detection and log analysis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Shuzhan Wang , Ruxue Jiang , Zhaoqi Wang , Yan Zhou

Federated Leaning is an emerging approach to manage cooperation between a group of agents for the solution of Machine Learning tasks, with the goal of improving each agent's performance without disclosing any data. In this paper we present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Gabriele Santin , Inna Skarbovsky , Fabiana Fournier , Bruno Lepri

Anomaly detection is a fundamental problem in domains such as healthcare, manufacturing, and cybersecurity. This thesis proposes new unsupervised methods for anomaly detection in both structured and streaming data settings. In the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Filippo Leveni

Isolation Forest (iForest) is an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm designed to effectively detect anomalies under the assumption that anomalies are ``few and different." Various studies have aimed to enhance iForest, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Hun Kang , Kyoungok Kim

The anomaly detection literature is abundant with offline methods, which require repeated access to data in memory, and impose impractical assumptions when applied to a streaming context. Existing online anomaly detection methods also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Filippo Leveni , Guilherme Weigert Cassales , Bernhard Pfahringer , Albert Bifet , Giacomo Boracchi

We address the problem of detecting anomalies as samples that do not conform to structured patterns represented by low-dimensional manifolds. To this end, we conceive a general anomaly detection framework called Preference Isolation Forest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Filippo Leveni , Luca Magri , Cesare Alippi , Giacomo Boracchi

Recently, federated learning frameworks such as Python TestBed for Federated Learning Algorithms and MicroPython TestBed for Federated Learning Algorithms have emerged to tackle user privacy concerns and efficiency in embedded systems. Even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Pavle Vasiljevic , Milica Matic , Miroslav Popovic

Detecting rare events is essential in various fields, e.g., in cyber security or maintenance. Often, human experts are supported by anomaly detection systems as continuously monitoring the data is an error-prone and tedious task. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Max Schemmer , Joshua Holstein , Niklas Bauer , Niklas Kühl , Gerhard Satzger

Data mining offers a diverse toolbox for extracting meaningful structures from complex datasets, with anomaly detection emerging as a critical subfield particularly in the context of streaming or real-time data. Within anomaly detection,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Adam Ulrich , Jan Krňávek , Roman Šenkeřík , Zuzana Komínková Oplatková , Radek Vala

The rapid advancement of autonomous vehicle (AV) technology has introduced significant challenges in ensuring transportation security and reliability. Traditional AI models for anomaly detection in AVs are often opaque, posing difficulties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Sazid Nazat , Mustafa Abdallah

We present an extension to the model-free anomaly detection algorithm, Isolation Forest. This extension, named Extended Isolation Forest (EIF), resolves issues with assignment of anomaly score to given data points. We motivate the problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Sahand Hariri , Matias Carrasco Kind , Robert J. Brunner

Sharing of telecommunication network data, for example, even at high aggregation levels, is nowadays highly restricted due to privacy legislation and regulations and other important ethical concerns. It leads to scattering data across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Paula Raissa Silva , João Vinagre , João Gama

We address the problem of detecting anomalies with respect to structured patterns. To this end, we conceive a novel anomaly detection method called PIF, that combines the advantages of adaptive isolation methods with the flexibility of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Filippo Leveni , Luca Magri , Giacomo Boracchi , Cesare Alippi