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Shuffled regression concerns settings in which covariates and responses are observed without their correct pairing. In dependent-data problems, a second form of missing correspondence can arise when responses are also detached from the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Anik Burman , Sayantan Choudhury , Debangan Dey

A foundational question in the theory of linear compartmental models is how to assess whether a model is structurally identifiable -- that is, whether parameter values can be inferred from noiseless data -- directly from the combinatorics…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-02-19 Cashous Bortner , Elizabeth Gross , Nicolette Meshkat , Anne Shiu , Seth Sullivant

Causal discovery from i.i.d. observational data is known to be generally ill-posed. We demonstrate that if we have access to the distribution {induced} by a structural causal model, and additional data from (in the best case) \textit{only…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Francesco Montagna

We study identifiability of the parameters in autoregressions defined on a network. Most identification conditions that are available for these models either rely on the network being observed repeatedly, are only sufficient, or require…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-06-06 Federico Martellosio

A mathematical model is identifiable if its parameters can be recovered from data. Here, we focus on a particular class of model, linear compartmental models, which are used to represent the transfer of substances in a system. We analyze…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Patrick Chan , Katherine Johnston , Anne Shiu , Aleksandra Sobieska , Clare Spinner

A central problem in unsupervised deep learning is how to find useful representations of high-dimensional data, sometimes called "disentanglement". Most approaches are heuristic and lack a proper theoretical foundation. In linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Aapo Hyvarinen , Ilyes Khemakhem , Hiroshi Morioka

Causal inference is known to be very challenging when only observational data are available. Randomized experiments are often costly and impractical and in instrumental variable regression the number of instruments has to exceed the number…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-19 Dominik Rothenhäusler , Peter Bühlmann , Nicolai Meinshausen

Nonlinear independent component analysis (ICA) aims to uncover the true latent sources from their observable nonlinear mixtures. Despite its significance, the identifiability of nonlinear ICA is known to be impossible without additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yujia Zheng , Kun Zhang

Linear non-Gaussian causal models postulate that each random variable is a linear function of parent variables and non-Gaussian exogenous error terms. We study identification of the linear coefficients when such models contain latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-05 Daniele Tramontano , Mathias Drton , Jalal Etesami

We consider so-called univariate unlinked (sometimes ``decoupled,'' or ``shuffled'') regression when the unknown regression curve is monotone. In standard monotone regression, one observes a pair $(X,Y)$ where a response $Y$ is linked to a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-30 Fadoua Balabdaoui , Charles R. Doss , Cécile Durot

Identifying the causal relations between interested variables plays a pivotal role in representation learning as it provides deep insights into the dataset. Identifiability, as the central theme of this approach, normally hinges on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Boyang Sun , Ignavier Ng , Guangyi Chen , Yifan Shen , Qirong Ho , Kun Zhang

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) aims to recover independent latent variables from observed mixtures thereof. Causal Representation Learning (CRL) aims instead to infer causally related (thus often statistically dependent) latent…

Nonlinear independent component analysis (ICA) aims to recover the underlying independent latent sources from their observable nonlinear mixtures. How to make the nonlinear ICA model identifiable up to certain trivial indeterminacies is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yujia Zheng , Ignavier Ng , Kun Zhang

We study linear regressions in a context where the outcome of interest and some of the covariates are observed in two different datasets that cannot be matched. Traditional approaches obtain point identification by relying, often…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-18 Xavier D'Haultfoeuille , Christophe Gaillac , Arnaud Maurel

While hidden class models of various types arise in many statistical applications, it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of their parameters. Focusing on models in which there is some structure of independence of some of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-01 Elizabeth S. Allman , Catherine Matias , John A. Rhodes

This paper addresses intervention-based causal representation learning (CRL) under a general nonparametric latent causal model and an unknown transformation that maps the latent variables to the observed variables. Linear and general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Burak Varıcı , Emre Acartürk , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Abhishek Kumar , Ali Tajer

We consider statistical inference for network-linked regression problems, where covariates may include network summary statistics computed for each node. In settings involving network data, it is often natural to posit that latent variables…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-02 Wei Li , Nilanjan Chakraborty , Robert Lunde

Statistical inference of directed relations given some unspecified interventions (i.e., the intervention targets are unknown) is challenging. In this article, we test hypothesized directed relations with unspecified interventions. First, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-02 Chunlin Li , Xiaotong Shen , Wei Pan

In competing risks models, the joint distribution of the event times is not identifiable even when the margins are fully known, which has been referred to as the "identifiability crisis in competing risks analysis" (Crowder, 1991). We model…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-14 Maik Schwarz , Geurt Jongbloed , Ingrid Van Keilegom

In causal models, a given mechanism is assumed to be invariant to changes of other mechanisms. While this principle has been utilized for inference in settings where the causal variables are observed, theoretical insights when the variables…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-07 Simon Bing , Jonas Wahl , Urmi Ninad , Jakob Runge