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In this work, we propose a PAC-Bayes bound for the generalization risk of the Gibbs classifier in the multi-class classification framework. The novelty of our work is the critical use of the confusion matrix of a classifier as an error…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-23 Emilie Morvant , Sokol Koço , Liva Ralaivola

We present a new family of information-theoretic generalization bounds, in which the training loss and the population loss are compared through a jointly convex function. This function is upper-bounded in terms of the disintegrated,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Fredrik Hellström , Giuseppe Durisi

The ability of overparameterized deep networks to generalize well has been linked to the fact that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) finds solutions that lie in flat, wide minima in the training loss -- minima where the output of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Vaishnavh Nagarajan , J. Zico Kolter

Variational approximation techniques and inference for stochastic models in machine learning has gained much attention the last years. Especially in the case of Gaussian Processes (GP) and their deep versions, Deep Gaussian Processes…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Roman Föll , Ingo Steinwart

We study the generalization error of randomized learning algorithms -- focusing on stochastic gradient descent (SGD) -- using a novel combination of PAC-Bayes and algorithmic stability. Importantly, our generalization bounds hold for all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Ben London

We present a unified framework for deriving PAC-Bayesian generalization bounds. Unlike most previous literature on this topic, our bounds are anytime-valid (i.e., time-uniform), meaning that they hold at all stopping times, not only for a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-04 Ben Chugg , Hongjian Wang , Aaditya Ramdas

A central challenge in understanding generalization is to obtain non-vacuous guarantees that go beyond worst-case complexity over data or weight space. Among existing approaches, PAC-Bayes bounds stand out as they can provide tight,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-01 Damien Rouchouse , Antoine Gonon , Rémi Gribonval , Benjamin Guedj

This paper presents a general methodology for deriving information-theoretic generalization bounds for learning algorithms. The main technical tool is a probabilistic decorrelation lemma based on a change of measure and a relaxation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Yifeng Chu , Maxim Raginsky

Deep neural networks (DNNs) exhibit an exceptional capacity for generalization in practical applications. This work aims to capture the effect and benefits of depth for supervised learning via information-theoretic generalization bounds. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Haiyun He , Ziv Goldfeld

We present a generalization bound for feedforward neural networks in terms of the product of the spectral norm of the layers and the Frobenius norm of the weights. The generalization bound is derived using a PAC-Bayes analysis.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Behnam Neyshabur , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Nathan Srebro

Application of deep neural networks to medical imaging tasks has in some sense become commonplace. Still, a "thorn in the side" of the deep learning movement is the argument that deep networks are prone to overfitting and are thus unable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Anthony Sicilia , Xingchen Zhao , Anastasia Sosnovskikh , Seong Jae Hwang

We present a distributionally robust PAC-Bayesian framework for certifying the performance of learning-based finite-horizon controllers. While existing PAC-Bayes control literature typically assumes bounded losses and matching training and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Domagoj Herceg , Duarte Antunes

We present a PAC-Bayes-style generalization bound which enables the replacement of the KL-divergence with a variety of Integral Probability Metrics (IPM). We provide instances of this bound with the IPM being the total variation metric and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-02 Ron Amit , Baruch Epstein , Shay Moran , Ron Meir

This work advances the theoretical understanding of quantum learning by establishing a new family of upper bounds on the expected generalization error of quantum learning algorithms, leveraging the framework introduced by Caro et al. (2024)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Naqueeb Ahmad Warsi , Ayanava Dasgupta , Masahito Hayashi

Pac-Bayes bounds are among the most accurate generalization bounds for classifiers learned from independently and identically distributed (IID) data, and it is particularly so for margin classifiers: there have been recent contributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-06-09 Liva Ralaivola , Marie Szafranski , Guillaume Stempfel

It is common practice to combine deep neural networks into ensembles. These deep ensembles can benefit from the cancellation of errors effect: Errors by ensemble members may average out, leading to better generalization performance than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Nick Hauptvogel , Christian Igel

This paper presents eight PAC-Bayes bounds to analyze the generalization performance of multi-view classifiers. These bounds adopt data dependent Gaussian priors which emphasize classifiers with high view agreements. The center of the prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Shiliang Sun , John Shawe-Taylor , Liang Mao

We investigate the in-distribution generalization of machine learning algorithms. We depart from traditional complexity-based approaches by analyzing information-theoretic bounds that quantify the dependence between a learning algorithm and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-27 Borja Rodríguez-Gálvez , Ragnar Thobaben , Mikael Skoglund

Learning tasks play an increasingly prominent role in quantum information and computation. They range from fundamental problems such as state discrimination and metrology over the framework of quantum probably approximately correct (PAC)…

Deep neural networks generalize well despite being heavily overparameterized, in apparent contradiction with classical learning theory based on uniform convergence over fixed hypothesis spaces. Uniform bounds over the entire parameter space…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Hubert Leroux , Jean Marcus , Julien Roger