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We propose and detail a multi-step analytical procedure, based on an improved fully relativistic plane model for Laser Wake Field Acceleration, to tailor the initial density of a cold diluted plasma to the laser pulse profile, so as to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Gaetano Fiore , Paolo Tomassini

The available diagnostics for atmospheric micro-plasmas remain limited and relatively complex to implement; so we present a radio-frequency technique for diagnosing a key parameter here. The technique allows one to estimate the dependencies…

Using spectral interferometry technique, we measured subpicosecond time-resolved pre-plasma scale lengths and early expansion ($<$ 12 ps) of the plasma produced by a high intensity (2$\times$10$^{18}$ W/cm$^{2}$) pulse with ultra-high…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-10-28 Ankit Dulat , C. Aparajit , Anandam Choudhary , Amit D. Lad , Yash M. Ved , G. Ravindra Kumar

Exploring new target schemes for laser wakefield accelerators is essential to meet the challenge of increasing repetition rates while ensuring stability and quality of the produced electron beams. The prototyping of a two-chamber gas cell…

Remarkable progress has been made in diagnosing energetic particle instabilities on present-day machines and in establishing a theoretical framework for describing them. This overview describes the much improved diagnostics of Alfven…

Astronomers usually need the highest angular resolution possible, but the blurring effect of diffraction imposes a fundamental limit on the image quality from any single telescope. Interferometry allows light collected at widely-separated…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 John D. Monnier , Ronald J. Allen

A radio interferometer indirectly measures the intensity distribution of the sky over the celestial sphere. Since measurements are made over an irregularly sampled Fourier plane, synthesising an intensity image from interferometric…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-18 Daniel Muscat

A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-12 Dainis Dravins , Tiphaine Lagadec , Paul D. Nuñez

A new evolution pattern for parametric instabilities in the non-linear stage driven by a broadband laser is studied with kinetic particle-in-cell simulations. It is found that an intermittent excitation of parametric instabilities caused by…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-10-12 Qingkang Liu , Enhao Zhang , Wenshuai Zhang , Hongbo Cai , Yanqi Gao , Shaoping Zhu

A novel method for doping plasmas in pulsed-power experiments with gaseous elements has been developed. A fast gas valve, a nozzle, and a skimmer are used to generate an ultrasonic gas beam that is injected into a planar-geometry…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Arad , L. Ding , Y. Maron

Dust particles immersed within a plasma environment, such as those found in planetary rings or cometary environments, will acquire an electric charge. If the ratio of interparticle potential energy to average kinetic energy is high enough…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. M. Boesse , M. K. Henry , T. W. Hyde , L. S. Matthews

Advanced spectral and statistical data analysis techniques have greatly contributed to shaping our understanding of microphysical processes in plasmas. We review some of the main techniques that allow for characterising fluctuation…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 T. Dudok de Wit , O. Alexandrova , I. Furno , L. Sorriso-Valvo , G. Zimbardo

Thermophoresis is a tool often applied in complex plasma experiments. One of the usual stated benefits over other experimental tools is that changes induced by thermophoresis neither directly depend on, nor directly influence, the plasma…

Magnetospheres are a ubiquitous feature of magnetized bodies embedded in a plasma flow. While large planetary magnetospheres have been studied for decades by spacecraft, ion-scale "mini" magnetospheres can provide a unique environment to…

Pulsed plasmas in liquids exhibit complex interaction between three phases of matter (liquids, gas, plasmas) and are currently used in a wide range of applications across several fields, however significant knowledge gaps in our…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Christopher Campbell , Xin Tang , Yancey Sechrest , Kamel Fezzaa , Zhehui Wang , David Staack

While the interaction of ultra-intense ultra-short laser pulses with near- and overcritical plasmas cannot be directly observed, experimentally accessible quantities (observables) often only indirectly give information about the underlying…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-12-13 Thomas Miethlinger , Nico Hoffmann , Thomas Kluge

Modern optical spectrographs and optical interferometers push the limits in the spectral and spatial regime, providing important new tools for the exploration of the universe. In this contribution I outline the complementary nature of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Stefan Kraus

We present temporal information obtained by mass spectrometry techniques about the evolution of plasmas generated by laser filamentation in air. The experimental setup used in this work allowed us to study not only the dynamics of the…

Experiments with interacting high-velocity flows of laser plasma can help answer the fundamental questions in plasma physics and improve the understanding of the mechanisms behind astrophysical phenomena, such as formation of collisionless…

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