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Current quantum systems based on spin qubits are controlled by classical electronics located outside the cryostat at room temperature. This approach creates a major wiring bottleneck, which is one of the main roadblocks toward truly…

Quantum computers are expected to outperform conventional computers for a range of important problems, from molecular simulation to search algorithms, once they can be scaled up to large numbers of quantum bits (qubits), typically millions.…

Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has radically reshaped the world by taking humanity to the digital age. Cramming more transistors into the same physical space has enabled an exponential increase in computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 M. F. Gonzalez-Zalba , S. de Franceschi , E. Charbon , T. Meunier , M. Vinet , A. S. Dzurak

A microwave SQUID multiplexer ($\mu$MUX) has been optimized for coupling to large arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers. We present the scalable cryogenic multiplexer chip design in a 1820-channel multiplexer…

Neural decoders for quantum error correction (QEC) rely on neural networks to classify syndromes extracted from error correction codes and find appropriate recovery operators to protect logical information against errors. Its ability to…

The relentless pursuit of miniaturization and performance enhancement in electronic devices has led to a fundamental challenge in the field of circuit design and simulation: how to accurately account for the inherent stochastic nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jack Hutchins , Shamiul Alam , Dana S. Rampini , Bakhrom G. Oripov , Adam N. McCaughan , Ahmedullah Aziz

Scalable, low-dissipation memory operating below 4 K is a critical requirement for superconducting and quantum computing systems. Existing cryogenic memory technologies rely on CMOS derivatives or hybrid architectures that incur leakage,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-04-27 Sonam Bhakat , Pushpak Banerjee , Ahmedullah Aziz , Jackson Miller , Avradeep Pal

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based on-chip resonators offer great potential for high frequency signal processing circuits like reference oscillators and filters. This is due to their exceptional features like small size, large…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-10-15 Joydeep Basu , Tarun K. Bhattacharyya

The need for larger mK cooling platforms is being driven by the desire to host ever growing numbers of cryogenic qubits in quantum computing platforms. As part of the Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center at Fermilab funded…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-07-13 Matthew Hollister , Ram Dhuley , Grzegorz Tatkowski

Machine learning algorithms have been proven effective for essential quantum computation tasks such as quantum error correction and quantum control. Efficient hardware implementation of these algorithms at cryogenic temperatures is…

Quantum thermodynamics aims at extending standard thermodynamics and non-equilibrium statistical physics to systems with sizes well below the thermodynamic limit. A rapidly evolving research field, which promises to change our understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Fabrizio Cleri

Hybrid quantum systems have the potential of mitigating current challenges in developing a scalable quantum computer. Of particular interest is the hybridization between atomic and superconducting qubits. We demonstrate a novel experimental…

Scaling fault tolerant quantum computers, especially cryogenic systems based on the surface code, to millions of qubits is challenging due to poorly-scaling data processing and power consumption overheads. One key hurdle is the design of…

Ferroelectric-based capacitive crossbar arrays have been proposed for energy-efficient in-memory computing in the charge domain. They combat the challenges like sneak paths and high static power faced by resistive crossbar arrays but are…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Madhav Vadlamani , Dyutimoy Chakraborty , Jianwei Jia , Halid Mulaosmanovic , Stefan Duenkel , Sven Beyer , Suman Datta , Shimeng Yu

The extremely low threshold voltage (Vth) of native MOSFETs (Vth~0V@300K) is conducive to the design of cryogenic circuits. Previous research on cryogenic MOSFETs mainly focused on the standard threshold voltage (SVT) and low threshold…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Yuanke Zhang , Tengteng Lu , Wenjie Wang , Yujing Zhang , Jun Xu , Chao Luo , Guoping Guo

The operation of CMOS Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) at extremely cold environments as low as 4 K is demonstrated. Various FPGA and periphery hardware design techniques spanning from HDL design to improvements of peripheral…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-21 Christopher Lewis , Drew Sellers , Michael Hamilton

In this paper, a simple algorithm for detailed system-level thermal noise analysis is developed, demonstrated, and verified. This method uses noise-wave theory and noise covariance matrices to cascade noise and scattering parameters of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-12 Maurio B. Grando , Christian R. Boutan , Jihee Yang

This paper reports the first cryogenic characterization of 28nm Fully-Depleted-SOI CMOS technology. A comprehensive study of digital/analog performances and body-biasing from room to the liquid helium temperature is presented. Despite a…

Future universal quantum computers solving problems of practical relevance are expected to require at least $10^6$ qubits, which is a massive scale-up from the present numbers of less than 50 qubits operated together. Out of the different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-03 Lotte Geck , Andre Kruth , Hendrik Bluhm , Stefan van Waasen , Stefan Heinen

Schottky Barrier (SB)-MOSFET technology offers intriguing possibilities for cryogenic nano-scale devices, such as Si quantum devices and superconducting devices. We present experimental results on a novel device architecture where the gate…