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Achieving the Carnot efficiency at finite power is a challenging problem in heat engines due to the trade-off relation between efficiency and power that holds for general heat engines. It is pointed out that the Carnot efficiency at finite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-03 Kosuke Miura , Yuki Izumida , Koji Okuda

We study a two-level system controlled in a discrete feedback loop, modeling both the system and the controller in terms of stochastic Markov processes. We find that the extracted work, which is known to be bounded from above by the mutual…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-02 Jaegon Um , Haye Hinrichsen , Chulan Kwon , Hyunggyu Park

Using a mechanical cantilever submitted to electrostatic feedback control, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of an information engine that extracts work from thermal fluctuations. The cantilever position is rapidly sampled and the…

The emerging field of quantum thermodynamics is beginning to reveal the intriguing role that information can play in quantum thermal engines. Information enters as a resource when considering feedback-controlled thermal machines. While both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Lindsay Bassman Oftelie , Michele Campisi

A heat engine operating in the one-shot finite-size regime, where systems composed of a small number of quantum particles interact with hot and cold baths and are restricted to one-shot measurements, delivers fluctuating work. Further,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-15 Mohit Lal Bera , Maciej Lewenstein , Manabendra Nath Bera

Macroscopic cyclic heat engines have been a major motivation for the emergence of thermodynamics. In the last decade, cyclic heat engines that have large fluctuations and operate at finite time were studied within the more modern framework…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-03 Arya Datta , Patrick Pietzonka , Andre C Barato

We show that coupled two level systems like qubits studied in quantum information can be used as a thermodynamic machine. At least three qubits or spins are necessary and arranged in a chain. The system is interfaced between two split baths…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. J. Henrich , M. Michel , G. Mahler

A heat engine operating on the basis of the Carnot cycle is considered, where the mechanical work performed is dissipated within the engine at the temperature of the warmer isotherm and the resulting heat is added to the engine together…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2010-04-05 A. M. Makarieva , V. G. Gorshkov

The capacity to integrate information is a prominent feature of biological and cognitive systems. Integrated Information Theory (IIT) provides a mathematical approach to quantify the level of integration in a system, yet its computational…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-31 Miguel Aguilera , Ezequiel Di Paolo

We consider the efficiency at maximum power of a quantum Otto engine, which uses a spin or a harmonic system as its working substance and works between two heat reservoirs at constant temperatures $T_h$ and $T_c$ $ (<T_h)$. Although the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-22 Feilong Wu , Jizhou He , Yongli Ma , Jianhui Wang

We model a Brownian heat engine as a Brownian particle that hops in a periodic ratchet potential where the ratchet potential is coupled with a linearly decreasing background temperature. It is shown that the efficiency of such Brownian heat…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-29 Mesfin Asfaw Taye

Quantum thermal machines make use of non-classical thermodynamic resources, one of which is interactions between elements of the quantum working medium. In this paper, we examine the performance of a quasi-static quantum Otto engine based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Venu Mehta , Ramandeep S. Johal

The Carnot-like heat engines are classified into three types (normal-, sub- and super-dissipative) according to relations between the minimum irreversible entropy production in the "isothermal" processes and the time for completing those…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-03 Yang Wang , Z. C. Tu

In this work, the relationship between Carnot engine and Szil\'ard engine was discussed. By defining the available information about the temperature difference between two heat reservoirs, the Carnot engine was found to have a same physical…

Classical Physics · Physics 2016-11-28 Liangsuo Shu , Xiaokang Liu , Suyi Huang , Shiping Jin

Information engines harness measurement and feedback to convert energy into useful work. In this study, we investigate the fundamental trade-offs between ergotropic output power, thermodynamic efficiency and information-to-work conversion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Rasmus Hagman , Jonas Berx , Janine Splettstoesser , Henning Kirchberg

Since its inception about two centuries ago thermodynamics has sparkled continuous interest and fundamental questions. According to the second law no heat engine can have an efficiency larger than Carnot's efficiency. The latter can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-16 Michele Campisi , Rosario Fazio

We consider measurement based single temperature quantum heat engine without feedback control, introduced recently by Yi, Talkner and Kim [Phys. Rev. E 96, 022108 (2017)]. Taking the working medium of the engine to be a one-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 Arpan Das , Sibasish Ghosh

Recent theory and experiments have showcased how to harness quantum mechanics to assemble heat/information engines with efficiencies that surpass the classical Carnot limit. So far, this has required atomic engines that are driven by…

Cyclical heat engines are a paradigm of classical thermodynamics, but are impractical for miniaturization because they rely on moving parts. A more recent concept is particle-exchange (PE) heat engines, which uses energy filtering to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-29 Martin Josefsson , Artis Svilans , Adam M. Burke , Eric A. Hoffmann , Sofia Fahlvik , Claes Thelander , Martin Leijnse , Heiner Linke

We study a thermal engine model for which Newton's cooling law is obeyed during heat transfer processes. The thermal efficiency and its bounds at maximum output power are derived and discussed. This model, though quite simple, can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-11-30 H. Yan , Hao Guo