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This paper investigates the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) and natural language prompts to generate hardware description code, namely Verilog. Building on our prior work, we employ OpenAI's ChatGPT4 and natural language prompts to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Paola Vitolo , George Psaltakis , Michael Tomlinson , Gian Domenico Licciardo , Andreas G. Andreou

Due to the advantages of hypergraphs in modeling high-order relationships in complex systems, they have been applied to higher-order clustering, hypergraph neural networks and computer vision. These applications rely heavily on access to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Bingqiao Gu , Jiale Zeng , Xingqin Qi , Dong Li

Despite the great advance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in both instruction dataset building and benchmarking, the independence of training and evaluation makes current MLLMs hard to further improve their capability under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Zhiyuan Zhao , Linke Ouyang , Bin Wang , Siyuan Huang , Pan Zhang , Xiaoyi Dong , Jiaqi Wang , Conghui He

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven a growing demand for automated, high-performance system kernels to accelerate machine learning workloads. We introduce TritonRL, a domain-specialized 8B-scale LLM for Triton…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiin Woo , Shaowei Zhu , Allen Nie , Zhen Jia , Yida Wang , Youngsuk Park

As one of their many applications, large language models (LLMs) have recently shown promise in automating register transfer level (RTL) code generation. However, conventional LLM decoding strategies, originally designed for natural…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Mohammad Akyash , Kimia Azar , Hadi Kamali

Hardware design automation faces challenges in generating high-quality Verilog code efficiently. This paper introduces VFlow, an automated framework that optimizes agentic workflows for Verilog code generation. Unlike traditional approaches…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yangbo Wei , Zhen Huang , Huang Li , Wei W. Xing , Ting-Jung Lin , Lei He

In today's rapidly evolving field of electronic design automation (EDA), the complexity of hardware designs is increasing, necessitating more sophisticated automation solutions. High-level synthesis (HLS), as a pivotal solution, automates…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-06 M Zafir Sadik Khan , Nowfel Mashnoor , Mohammad Akyash , Kimia Azar , Hadi Kamali

Structured data offers a sophisticated mechanism for the organization of information. Existing methodologies for the text-serialization of structured data in the context of large language models fail to adequately address the heterogeneity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 YiQiu Guo , Yuchen Yang , Ya Zhang , Yu Wang , Yanfeng Wang

In modern industrial production, multiple robots often collaborate to complete complex manufacturing tasks. Large language models (LLMs), with their strong reasoning capabilities, have shown potential in coordinating robots for simple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xiangyu Su , Juzhan Xu , Oliver van Kaick , Kai Xu , Ruizhen Hu

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the field of automated code generation. LLMs rely on large and diverse datasets to learn syntax, semantics, and usage patterns of programming languages. For low-resource…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Alessandro Giagnorio , Alberto Martin-Lopez , Gabriele Bavota

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like GitHub, introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jiexin Wang , Liuwen Cao , Xitong Luo , Zhiping Zhou , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai

The growing need for scalable, maintainable, and fast-deploying systems has made microservice architecture widely popular in software development. This paper presents a system that uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the API-first…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Saurabh Chauhan , Zeeshan Rasheed , Abdul Malik Sami , Zheying Zhang , Jussi Rasku , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Pekka Abrahamsson

This paper discusses the feasibility of using Large Language Models LLM for code generation with a particular application in designing an RISC. The paper also reviews the associated steps such as parsing, tokenization, encoding, attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shadeeb Hossain , Aayush Gohil , Yizhou Wang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into electronic design automation (EDA) has significantly advanced the field, offering transformative benefits, particularly in register transfer level (RTL) code generation and understanding.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yi Liu , Hongji Zhang , Yunhao Zhou , Zhengyuan Shi , Changran Xu , Qiang Xu

Register-Transfer Level (RTL) verification is a primary bottleneck, consuming 60-70% of development time. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for RTL automation, their performance and research focus have overwhelmingly centered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yujie Zhao , Zhijing Wu , Boqin Yuan , Zhongming Yu , Hejia Zhang , Wentao Ni , Chia-Tung Ho , Haoxing Ren , Jishen Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities to generate code, however their ability to develop software for embedded systems, which requires cross-domain knowledge of hardware and software has not been studied. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Zachary Englhardt , Richard Li , Dilini Nissanka , Zhihan Zhang , Girish Narayanswamy , Joseph Breda , Xin Liu , Shwetak Patel , Vikram Iyer

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) enables hardware design from C/C++ kernels but requires extensive transformations, such as restructuring code, inserting pragmas, adapting data types, and repairing non-synthesizable constructs, to achieve…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Qingyun Zou , Nuo Chen , Yao Chen , Bingsheng He , WengFei Wong

Pre-trained LLMs have demonstrated substantial capabilities across a range of conventional natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such as summarization and entity recognition. In this paper, we explore the application of LLMs in the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-14 Kamyar Zeinalipour , Neda Jamshidi , Monica Bianchini , Marco Maggini , Marco Gori

Register Transfer Level(RTL) code optimization is crucial for achieving high performance and low power consumption in digital circuit design. However, traditional optimization methods often rely on manual tuning and heuristics, which can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Zhihao Xu , Bixin Li , Lulu Wang

RTL generation is more than code synthesis. Designs must be syntactically valid, synthesizable, correct, hardware-efficient. SOTA evaluations stop at functional correctness and do not measure synthesis and implementation quality. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weimin Fu , Zeng Wang , Minghao Shao , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Xiaolong Guo