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Binary population synthesis simulations allow detailed modelling of gravitational-wave sources from a variety of formation channels. These population models can be compared to the observed catalogue of merging binaries to infer the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-30 Storm Colloms , Christopher P L Berry , John Veitch , Michael Zevin

Most tests of general relativity with gravitational-wave observations rely on inferring the degree to which a signal deviates from general relativity in conjunction with the astrophysical parameters of its source, such as the component…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-22 Ethan Payne , Maximiliano Isi , Katerina Chatziioannou , Will M. Farr

The astrophysical formation channels of binary black hole systems predict correlations between their mass, spin, and redshift distributions, which can be probed with gravitational-wave observations. Population-level analysis of the latest…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-05 Jack Heinzel , Sylvia Biscoveanu , Salvatore Vitale

Rapidly growing catalogs of compact binary mergers from advanced gravitational-wave detectors allow us to explore the astrophysics of massive stellar binaries. Merger observations can constrain the uncertain parameters that describe the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-28 Jeff Riley , Ilya Mandel

Observational astronomy is plagued with selection effects that must be taken into account when interpreting data from astronomical surveys. Because of the physical limitations of observing time and instrument sensitivity, datasets are…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Sarah C. Gallagher , Chris Smeenk

The simulation of gravitational wave source populations and their progenitors is an endeavor more than eighty years in the making. This is in part due to a wide variety of theoretical uncertainties that must be taken into account when…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-14 Katelyn Breivik

We derive a Bayesian framework for incorporating selection effects into population analyses. We allow for both measurement uncertainty in individual measurements and, crucially, for selection biases on the population of measurements, and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-04-10 Ilya Mandel , Will M. Farr , Jonathan R. Gair

Cosmological inference using a population of binary black-hole mergers, combined with a galaxy catalog, presents an exciting opportunity for precision cosmology with the possibility of resolving the Hubble tension. However, the accuracy of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-17 Arnab Dhani , Jonathan Gair , Alessandra Buonanno

With its last observing run, the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA collaboration has detected almost one hundred gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences. A common approach to studying the population properties of the observed binaries is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-12 Simone Mastrogiovanni , Astrid Lamberts , Rahul Srinivasan , Tristan Bruel , Nelson Christensen

Third-generation (3G) gravitational-wave detectors will observe thousands of coalescing neutron star binaries with unprecedented fidelity. Extracting the highest precision science from these signals is expected to be challenging owing to…

Ten binary black-hole mergers have already been detected during the first two observing runs of advanced LIGO and Virgo, and many more are expected to be observed in the near future. This opens the possibility for gravitational-wave…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-15 Yann Bouffanais , Michela Mapelli , Davide Gerosa , Ugo N. Di Carlo , Nicola Giacobbo , Emanuele Berti , Vishal Baibhav

The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (LVK) gravitational-wave observatories have opened new scientific research in astrophysics, fundamental physics, and cosmology. The collaborations that build and operate these observatories release the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-23 Gregory Ashton

In the absence of numerous gravitational-wave detections with confirmed electromagnetic counterparts, the "dark siren" method has emerged as a leading technique of gravitational-wave cosmology. The method allows redshift information of such…

Characterization of search selection effects comprises a core element of gravitational-wave data analysis. Knowledge of selection effects is needed to predict observational prospects for future surveys and is essential in the statistical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-16 Thomas A. Callister , Reed Essick , Daniel E. Holz

Templates modeling just the dominant mode of gravitational radiation are generally sufficient for the unbiased parameter inference of near-equal-mass compact binary mergers. However, neglecting the subdominant modes can bias the inference…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Mukesh Kumar Singh , Shasvath J Kapadia , Aditya Vijaykumar , Parameswaran Ajith

Binary population synthesis is the method by which predictions of varied observables of stellar populations can be made from theoretical models of binary stellar evolution. Binary stars have many more possible evolutionary outcomes compared…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-15 J. J. Eldridge

We use population synthesis modelling to predict the gravitational wave (GW) signal that the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect from the Galactic population of compact binary systems. We implement a realistic star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-13 Jake McMillan , Adam Ingram , Cordelia Dashwood Brown , Andrei Igoshev , Matthew Middleton , Grzegorz Wiktorowicz , Simone Scaringi

We test how well available stellar population models can reproduce observed u,g,r,i,z-band photometry of the local galaxy population (0.02<=z<=0.03) as probed by the SDSS. Our study is conducted from the perspective of a user of the models,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 K. S. Alexander Hansson , Thorsten Lisker , Eva K. Grebel

Spectral-sirens inference enables the extraction of cosmological parameters from gravitational-wave data alone, without electromagnetic counterparts or galaxy catalogs. We introduce new parametric mass functions for the binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-10 Tom Bertheas , Vasco Gennari , Danièle Steer , Nicola Tamanini

Many astronomical surveys are limited by the brightness of the sources, and gravitational-wave searches are no exception. The detectability of gravitational waves from merging binaries is affected by the mass and spin of the constituent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-04 Colm Talbot , Eric Thrane