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While there is much excitement about the potential of large multimodal models (LMM), a comprehensive evaluation is critical to establish their true capabilities and limitations. In support of this aim, we evaluate two state-of-the-art LMMs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Mengchen Liu , Chongyan Chen , Danna Gurari

Multimodal Large Language Models have achieved strong performance in single-video understanding, yet their ability to reason across multiple videos remains limited. Existing approaches typically concatenate multiple videos into a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yue Zhang , Liqiang Jing , Jia Li , Yapeng Tian , Xinya Du , Yunhui Guo , Vibhav Gogate

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that integrate visual and textual reasoning leverage chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting to tackle complex visual tasks, yet continue to exhibit visual hallucinations and an over-reliance on textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jing Bi , Guangyu Sun , Ali Vosoughi , Chen Chen , Chenliang Xu

MLLMs MLLMs are beginning to appear in clinical workflows, but their ability to perform complex medical reasoning remains unclear. We present Med-CMR, a fine-grained Medical Complex Multimodal Reasoning benchmark. Med-CMR distinguishes from…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) deployed on devices must adapt to continuously changing visual scenarios such as variations in background and perspective, to effectively perform complex visual tasks. To investigate catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Kai Jiang , Siqi Huang , Xiangyu Chen , Jiawei Shao , Hongyuan Zhang , Ping Luo , Xuelong Li

Idiomatic expressions present a unique challenge in NLP, as their meanings are often not directly inferable from their constituent words. Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), idiomaticity remains a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Thomas Pickard , Aline Villavicencio , Maggie Mi , Wei He , Dylan Phelps , Marco Idiart

The advancement of vision-language models, particularly the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, has revolutionized the field of machine learning by enabling robust zero-shot learning capabilities. These capabilities allow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Donggeun Kim , Yujin Jo , Myungjoo Lee , Taesup Kim

Systems such as video chatbots and navigation robots often depend on streaming image captioning to interpret visual inputs. Existing approaches typically employ large multimodal language models (MLLMs) for this purpose, but their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Junha Song , Yongsik Jo , So Yeon Min , Quanting Xie , Taehwan Kim , Yonatan Bisk , Jaegul Choo

This paper introduces MMMU-Pro, a robust version of the Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning (MMMU) benchmark. MMMU-Pro rigorously assesses multimodal models' true understanding and reasoning capabilities through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xiang Yue , Tianyu Zheng , Yuansheng Ni , Yubo Wang , Kai Zhang , Shengbang Tong , Yuxuan Sun , Botao Yu , Ge Zhang , Huan Sun , Yu Su , Wenhu Chen , Graham Neubig

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently exhibited impressive general-purpose capabilities by leveraging vision foundation models to encode the core concepts of images into representations. These are then combined with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Sara Ghazanfari , Alexandre Araujo , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Siddharth Garg , Farshad Khorrami

General-purpose robots need a deep understanding of the physical world, advanced reasoning, and general and dexterous control. This report introduces the latest generation of the Gemini Robotics model family: Gemini Robotics 1.5, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Gemini Robotics Team , Abbas Abdolmaleki , Saminda Abeyruwan , Joshua Ainslie , Jean-Baptiste Alayrac , Montserrat Gonzalez Arenas , Ashwin Balakrishna , Nathan Batchelor , Alex Bewley , Jeff Bingham , Michael Bloesch , Konstantinos Bousmalis , Philemon Brakel , Anthony Brohan , Thomas Buschmann , Arunkumar Byravan , Serkan Cabi , Ken Caluwaerts , Federico Casarini , Christine Chan , Oscar Chang , London Chappellet-Volpini , Jose Enrique Chen , Xi Chen , Hao-Tien Lewis Chiang , Krzysztof Choromanski , Adrian Collister , David B. D'Ambrosio , Sudeep Dasari , Todor Davchev , Meet Kirankumar Dave , Coline Devin , Norman Di Palo , Tianli Ding , Carl Doersch , Adil Dostmohamed , Yilun Du , Debidatta Dwibedi , Sathish Thoppay Egambaram , Michael Elabd , Tom Erez , Xiaolin Fang , Claudio Fantacci , Cody Fong , Erik Frey , Chuyuan Fu , Ruiqi Gao , Marissa Giustina , Keerthana Gopalakrishnan , Laura Graesser , Oliver Groth , Agrim Gupta , Roland Hafner , Steven Hansen , Leonard Hasenclever , Sam Haves , Nicolas Heess , Brandon Hernaez , Alex Hofer , Jasmine Hsu , Lu Huang , Sandy H. Huang , Atil Iscen , Mithun George Jacob , Deepali Jain , Sally Jesmonth , Abhishek Jindal , Ryan Julian , Dmitry Kalashnikov , M. Emre Karagozler , Stefani Karp , Matija Kecman , J. Chase Kew , Donnie Kim , Frank Kim , Junkyung Kim , Thomas Kipf , Sean Kirmani , Ksenia Konyushkova , Li Yang Ku , Yuheng Kuang , Thomas Lampe , Antoine Laurens , Tuan Anh Le , Isabel Leal , Alex X. Lee , Tsang-Wei Edward Lee , Guy Lever , Jacky Liang , Li-Heng Lin , Fangchen Liu , Shangbang Long , Caden Lu , Sharath Maddineni , Anirudha Majumdar , Kevis-Kokitsi Maninis , Andrew Marmon , Sergio Martinez , Assaf Hurwitz Michaely , Niko Milonopoulos , Joss Moore , Robert Moreno , Michael Neunert , Francesco Nori , Joy Ortiz , Kenneth Oslund , Carolina Parada , Emilio Parisotto , Amaris Paryag , Acorn Pooley , Thomas Power , Alessio Quaglino , Haroon Qureshi , Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju , Helen Ran , Dushyant Rao , Kanishka Rao , Isaac Reid , David Rendleman , Krista Reymann , Miguel Rivas , Francesco Romano , Yulia Rubanova , Peter Pastor Sampedro , Pannag R Sanketi , Dhruv Shah , Mohit Sharma , Kathryn Shea , Mohit Shridhar , Charles Shu , Vikas Sindhwani , Sumeet Singh , Radu Soricut , Rachel Sterneck , Ian Storz , Razvan Surdulescu , Jie Tan , Jonathan Tompson , Saran Tunyasuvunakool , Jake Varley , Grace Vesom , Giulia Vezzani , Maria Bauza Villalonga , Oriol Vinyals , René Wagner , Ayzaan Wahid , Stefan Welker , Paul Wohlhart , Chengda Wu , Markus Wulfmeier , Fei Xia , Ted Xiao , Annie Xie , Jinyu Xie , Peng Xu , Sichun Xu , Ying Xu , Zhuo Xu , Jimmy Yan , Sherry Yang , Skye Yang , Yuxiang Yang , Hiu Hong Yu , Wenhao Yu , Wentao Yuan , Yuan Yuan , Jingwei Zhang , Tingnan Zhang , Zhiyuan Zhang , Allan Zhou , Guangyao Zhou , Yuxiang Zhou

We present SelfPrompt, a novel prompt-tuning approach for vision-language models (VLMs) in a semi-supervised learning setup. Existing methods for tuning VLMs in semi-supervised setups struggle with the negative impact of the miscalibrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Shuvendu Roy , Ali Etemad

Vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled strong zero-shot classification through image-text alignment. Yet, their purely visual inference capabilities remain under-explored. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Illia Volkov , Nikita Kisel , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

Vision Language Models (VLMs) bridge visual perception and linguistic reasoning. In Autonomous Driving (AD), this synergy has enabled Vision Language Action (VLA) models, which translate high-level multimodal understanding into driving…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, particularly in textual mathematical problem-solving. However, existing open-source image instruction fine-tuning datasets, containing limited question-answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wenhao Shi , Zhiqiang Hu , Yi Bin , Junhua Liu , Yang Yang , See-Kiong Ng , Lidong Bing , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks, such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, they often suffer from over-reliance on spurious correlations, primarily due to linguistic priors that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yixuan Wu , Yang Zhang , Jian Wu , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Strategic model selection and reasoning settings are more effective than ensembling for optimizing automated scoring with large language models (LLMs). We examined self-consistency (intra-model majority voting) and reasoning effort for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Scott Frohn

We present a novel framework for analyzing and interpreting electron microscopy images in semiconductor manufacturing using vision-language instruction tuning. The framework employs a unique teacher-student approach, leveraging pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Geethan Sannidhi , Venkataramana Runkana

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), or Vision-Language Models (VLMs), have shown impressive capabilities in a wide range of visual tasks. However, they often struggle with fine-grained visual reasoning, failing to identify domain-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yucheng Shi , Quanzheng Li , Jin Sun , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

The proliferation of digital food applications necessitates robust methods for automated nutritional analysis and culinary guidance. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative evaluation of a decoupled, multimodal pipeline for food…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Rizal Khoirul Anam