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Molecular 3D conformations play a key role in determining how molecules interact with other molecules or protein surfaces. Recent deep learning advancements have improved conformation prediction, but slow training speeds and difficulties in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Qingwen Tian , Yuxin Xu , Yixuan Yang , Zhen Wang , Ziqi Liu , Pengju Yan , Xiaolin Li

Biological processes, functions, and properties are intricately linked to the ensemble of protein conformations, rather than being solely determined by a single stable conformation. In this study, we have developed P2DFlow, a generative…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-03-05 Yaowei Jin , Qi Huang , Ziyang Song , Mingyue Zheng , Dan Teng , Qian Shi

Controlled generation with pre-trained Diffusion and Flow Matching models has vast applications. One strategy for guiding ODE-based generative models is through optimizing a target loss $R(x_1)$ while staying close to the prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Luran Wang , Chaoran Cheng , Yizhen Liao , Yanru Qu , Ge Liu

Diffusion models have achieved significant progress in both image and video generation while still suffering from huge computation costs. As an effective solution, flow matching aims to reflow the diffusion process of diffusion models into…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Lei Ke , Haohang Xu , Xuefei Ning , Yu Li , Jiajun Li , Haoling Li , Yuxuan Lin , Dongsheng Jiang , Yujiu Yang , Linfeng Zhang

The computational design of novel protein structures has the potential to impact numerous scientific disciplines greatly. Toward this goal, we introduce FoldFlow, a series of novel generative models of increasing modeling power based on the…

Diffusion-based generative models in SE(3)-invariant space have demonstrated promising performance in molecular conformation generation, but typically require solving stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with thousands of update steps.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Zihan Zhou , Ruiying Liu , Tianshu Yu

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a crucial technique for simulating biological systems, enabling the exploration of their dynamic nature and fostering an understanding of their functions and properties. To address exploration inefficiency,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-03 Shaoning Li , Yusong Wang , Mingyu Li , Jian Zhang , Bin Shao , Nanning Zheng , Jian Tang

Diffusion and flow-matching models achieve remarkable generative performance but at the cost of many sampling steps, this slows inference and limits applicability to time-critical tasks. The ReFlow procedure can accelerate sampling by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Beomsu Kim , Yu-Guan Hsieh , Michal Klein , Marco Cuturi , Jong Chul Ye , Bahjat Kawar , James Thornton

Deep generative models provide state-of-the-art performance across a wide array of applications, with recent studies showing increasing applicability for science and engineering. Despite a growing corpus of literature focused on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jacob K. Christopher , James E. Warner , Ferdinando Fioretto

Flow-matching models have recently emerged as a powerful framework for continuous generative modeling, including 3D point cloud synthesis. However, their deployment is limited by the need for multiple sequential sampling steps at inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Elaheh Akbari , Shansita Sharma , Ping He , Ahmadreza Moradipari , Kyungtae Han , Hamed Pirsiavash , Yikun Bai , Soheil Kolouri

We study how to generate molecule conformations (i.e., 3D structures) from a molecular graph. Traditional methods, such as molecular dynamics, sample conformations via computationally expensive simulations. Recently, machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Minkai Xu , Shitong Luo , Yoshua Bengio , Jian Peng , Jian Tang

Elucidating reaction mechanisms hinges on efficiently generating transition states (TSs), products, and complete reaction networks. Recent generative models, such as diffusion models for TS sampling and sequence-based architectures for…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Ping Tuo , Jiale Chen , Ju Li

Finding a suitable layout represents a crucial task for diverse applications in graphic design. Motivated by simpler and smoother sampling trajectories, we explore the use of Flow Matching as an alternative to current diffusion-based layout…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Julian Jorge Andrade Guerreiro , Naoto Inoue , Kento Masui , Mayu Otani , Hideki Nakayama

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful generative framework, with recent few-step methods achieving remarkable inference acceleration. However, we identify a critical yet overlooked limitation: these models suffer from severe diversity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yexiong Lin , Jia Shi , Shanshan Ye , Wanyu Wang , Yu Yao , Tongliang Liu

Data heterogeneity hinders clinical deployment of medical image analysis models, and generative data augmentation helps mitigate this issue. However, recent diffusion-based methods that synthesize image-mask pairs often ignore distribution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Jie Yang , Ziqi Ye , Aihua Ke , Jian Luo , Bo Cai , Xiaosong Wang

New technologies such as Rectified Flow and Flow Matching have significantly improved the performance of generative models in the past two years, especially in terms of control accuracy, generation quality, and generation efficiency.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Sen Fang , Hongbin Zhong , Yalin Feng , Yanxin Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Designing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with novel chemistries is a longstanding challenge due to their large combinatorial space and complex 3D arrangements of the building blocks. While recent deep generative models have enabled…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-05 Nayoung Kim , Seongsu Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

Equivariant diffusion models have achieved impressive performance in 3D molecule generation. These models incorporate Euclidean symmetries of 3D molecules by utilizing an SE(3)-equivariant denoising network. However, specialized equivariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuhui Ding , Thomas Hofmann

Sampling useful three-dimensional molecular structures along with their most favorable conformations is a key challenge in drug discovery. Current state-of-the-art 3D de-novo design flow matching or diffusion-based models are limited to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Riccardo Tedoldi , Ola Engkvist , Patrick Bryant , Hossein Azizpour , Jon Paul Janet , Alessandro Tibo

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen