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In noncentrosymmetric superconductors, superconducting and normal conductions can interchange based on the current flow direction. This effect is termed a superconducting diode effect (SDE), which is a focal point of recent research. The…

Symmetry-breaking plays a pivotal role in unlocking intriguing properties and functionalities in material systems. For example, the breaking of spatial and temporal symmetries leads to a fascinating phenomenon of superconducting diode…

Superconducting diodes, similar to semiconductor diodes, possess unidirectional superconducting properties and are the fundamental units for constructing superconducting quantum computing, thus attracting widespread attention. At present,…

The ability to carry electric current with zero dissipation is the hallmark of superconductivity. It is this very property which is used in applications from MRI machines to LHC magnets. But, is it indeed the case that superconducting order…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-10-05 Yu Chen , Yen-Hsiang Lin , Stephen Snyder , Allen Goldman , Alex Kamenev

The field-free and highly efficient diodes with the nonreciprocity of supercurrent are believed to be the core block of the superconducting computing devices without dissipation. In this paper, we propose a Josephson diode based upon…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-08-06 Qiang Cheng , Yue Mao , Qing-Feng Sun

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) - the asymmetry of critical currents with respect to current direction - is a pivotal advancement in non-reciprocal superconductivity. While SDE has been realized in diverse systems, a fundamental…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-10-02 Peng Dong , Jinghui Wang , Yanjiang Wang , Jianjun Xiao , Xiang Zhou , Hui Xing , Yueshen Wu , Yulin Chen , Jinsheng Wen , Jun Li

The supercurrent diode effect (SDE) describes superconducting systems where the magnitude of the superconducting-to-normal state switching current differs for positive and negative current bias. Despite the ubiquity of such diode effects in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-11 Joseph J. Cuozzo , François Léonard

Josephson diodes are superconducting elements that show an asymmetry in the critical current depending on the direction of the current. Here, we theoretically explore how an alternating current bias can tune the response of such a diode. We…

We propose a concept of a superconducting photodiode - a device that transforms the energy and `spin' of an external electromagnetic field into the rectified steady-state supercurrent and develop a microscopic theory describing its…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-12-05 A. V. Parafilo , Meng Sun , K. Sonowal , V. M. Kovalev , I. G. Savenko

The superconducting diode effect (SDE)- manifested as directional, dissipationless supercurrents - is pivotal for realizing energy-efficient superconducting logic and memory technologies. Achieving high-efficiency SDE without external…

Superconducting diode effects (SDEs) generally emerge in superconducting systems where both time-reversal and inversion symmetries are broken, showing nonreciprocal current characteristics: nondissipative in one direction and ohmic in the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-02-19 Jiajun Ma , Ruiya Zhan , Xiao Lin

Nowadays, there is growing interest in using superconducting wires or tapes for the design and manufacture of devices such as cables, coils, rotating machinery, transformers and fault current limiters among others. Their high current…

We analyze the presence of non-reciprocal critical currents, the so-called superconducting diode effect, in chiral superconductors within a generalized Ginzburg-Landau framework. After deriving its key symmetry conditions we illustrate the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-12-13 Bastian Zinkl , Keita Hamamoto , Manfred Sigrist

We theoretically study the superconducting diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson junction. The diode effect in superconducting systems is typically related to the presence of a difference in the critical currents for currents flowing…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-08-07 Jorge Huamani Correa , Michal P. Nowak

We demonstrate the perfect superconducting diode effect (SDE) -- unidirectional supercurrent with 100% diode efficiency -- in light-driven nonequilibrium systems. Although the perfect SDE is difficult to achieve in equilibrium,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-05-26 Makoto Ichikawa , Youichi Yanase

A superconductor with broken time reversal and inversion symmetry may exhibit nonreciprocal charge transport, including a nonreciprocal critical current, also known as superconducting diode effect. We report an intrinsic superconducting…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-03-30 Robert Kealhofer , Hanbyeol Jeong , Arman Rashidi , Leon Balents , Susanne Stemmer

We investigate the Josephson diode effect in a superconducting interferometer under nonequilibrium conditions. In contrast to its thermodynamic counterpart, which requires the simultaneous breaking of time-reversal and inversion symmetry,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-09-12 Daniel Shaffer , Songci Li , Jaglul Hasan , Mikhail Titov , Alex Levchenko

We present measurements demonstrating that copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors can exhibit broken time-reversal symmetry in the absence of external magnetic fields. Using $Tl_{2}Ba_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8}$ microbridges, we observe a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-02 Armen Gulian , Serafim Teknowijoyo , Vahan Nikoghosyan

Stimulated by the recent experiment [F. Ando et al., Nature 584, 373 (2020)], we propose an intrinsic mechanism to cause the superconducting diode effect (SDE). SDE refers to the nonreciprocity of the critical current for the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-02-02 Akito Daido , Yuhei Ikeda , Youichi Yanase

Nonreciprocity in superconductors is attracting much interest owing to its fundamental importance as well as its potential applicability to engineering. In this paper, we generalize the previous theories of the intrinsic superconducting…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-12-20 Akito Daido , Youichi Yanase