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In graph theory, the longest path problem is the problem of finding a simple path of maximum length in a given graph. For some small classes of graphs, the problem can be solved in polynomial time [2, 4], but it remains NP-hard on general…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-09-15 Lajos L. Pongrácz

A shortest-path algorithm finds a path containing the minimal cost between two vertices in a graph. A plethora of shortest-path algorithms is studied in the literature that span across multiple disciplines. This paper presents a survey of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Amgad Madkour , Walid G. Aref , Faizan Ur Rehman , Mohamed Abdur Rahman , Saleh Basalamah

Graphs are fundamental objects that find widespread applications across computer science and beyond. Graph Theory has yielded deep insights about structural properties of various families of graphs, which are leveraged in the design and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Rachit Nimavat

We study path-based graph queries that, in addition to navigation through edges, also perform navigation through time. This allows asking questions about the dynamics of networks, like traffic movement, cause-effect relationships, or the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Muhammad Adnan , Diego Calvanese , Julien Corman , Anton Dignös , Werner Nutt , Ognjen Savković

Modern, inherently dynamic systems are usually characterized by a network structure, i.e. an underlying graph topology, which is subject to discrete changes over time. Given a static underlying graph $G$, a temporal graph can be represented…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Eleni C. Akrida , George B. Mertzios , Paul G. Spirakis , Viktor Zamaraev

As irregularly structured data representations, graphs have received a large amount of attention in recent years and have been widely applied to various real-world scenarios such as social, traffic, and energy settings. Compared to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Yi Yan , Jiacheng Hou , Zhenjie Song , Ercan Engin Kuruoglu

Node centralities play a pivotal role in network science, social network analysis, and recommender systems. In temporal data, static path-based centralities like closeness or betweenness can give misleading results about the true importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Franziska Heeg , Ingo Scholtes

While a natural fit for modeling and understanding mobile networks, time-varying graphs remain poorly understood. Indeed, many of the usual concepts of static graphs have no obvious counterpart in time-varying ones. In this paper, we…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-08-01 John Whitbeck , Marcelo Dias de Amorim , Vania Conan , Jean-Loup Guillaume

Algorithms which compute properties over graphs have always been of interest in computer science, with some of the fundamental algorithms, such as Dijkstra's algorithm, dating back to the 50s. Since the 70s there as been interest in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Daniel P. Martin

One of the most fundamental problems in computer science is the reachability problem: Given a directed graph and two vertices s and t, can s reach t via a path? We revisit existing techniques and combine them with new approaches to support…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Kathrin Hanauer , Christian Schulz , Jonathan Trummer

Interactions between two entities often occur at specific timestamps, which can be modeled as a temporal graph. Exploring the relationships between vertices based on temporal paths is one of the fundamental tasks. In this paper, we conduct…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhiyang Tang , Yanping Wu , Xiangjun Zai , Chen Chen , Xiaoyang Wang , Ying Zhang

Given a graph and a pair of terminals $s$, $t$, the next-to-shortest path problem asks for an $s\!\to \!t$ (simple) path that is shortest among all not shortest $s\!\to \!t$ paths (if one exists). This problem was introduced in 1996, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Kuowen Chen , Nicole Wein , Yiran Zhang

Schematic maps are in daily use to show the connectivity of subway systems and to facilitate travellers to plan their journeys effectively. This study surveys up-to-date algorithmic approaches in order to give an overview of the state of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-08-16 Hsiang-Yun Wu , Benjamin Niedermann , Shigeo Takahashi , Martin Nöllenburg

Increased attention has been paid over the last four years to dynamic network embedding. Existing dynamic embedding methods, however, consider the problem as limited to the evolution of a topology over a sequence of global, discrete states.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 David Bayani

In this article we consider the Directed Steiner Path Cover problem on directed co-graphs. Given a directed graph G=(V,E) and a subset T of V of so-called terminal vertices, the problem is to find a minimum number of vertex-disjoint simple…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Frank Gurski , Dominique Komander , Carolin Rehs , Jochen Rethmann , Egon Wanke

Graphs are a natural representation of data from various contexts, such as social connections, the web, road networks, and many more. In the last decades, many of these networks have become enormous, requiring efficient algorithms to cut…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Alexander Noe

The dynamic shortest paths problem on planar graphs asks us to preprocess a planar graph $G$ such that we may support insertions and deletions of edges in $G$ as well as distance queries between any two nodes $u,v$ subject to the constraint…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Amir Abboud , Søren Dahlgaard

The significant increase in world population and urbanisation has brought several important challenges, in particular regarding the sustainability, maintenance and planning of urban mobility. At the same time, the exponential increase of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 João Rico , José Barateiro , Arlindo Oliveira

The Longest Path Problem is a question of finding the maximum length between pairs of vertices of a graph. In the general case, the problem is NP-complete. However, there is a small collection of graph classes for which there exists an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Omar Al - Khazali

Finding paths in graphs is a fundamental graph-theoretic task. In this work, we we are concerned with finding a path with some constraints on its length and the number of vertices neighboring the path, that is, being outside of and incident…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Max-Jonathan Luckow , Till Fluschnik