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As AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) increasingly use external tools for high-stakes decisions, a critical reliability question arises: how do errors propagate across sequential tool calls? We introduce the first theoretical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Flint Xiaofeng Fan , Cheston Tan , Roger Wattenhofer , Yew-Soon Ong

Financial fraud detection in transaction networks involves modeling sparse anomalies, dynamic patterns, and severe class imbalance in the presence of temporal drift in the data. In real-world transaction systems, a suspicious transaction is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yiming Lei , Qiannan Shen , Junhao Song

We present an analytical model to study the role of expectation feedbacks and overlapping portfolios on systemic stability of financial systems. Building on [Corsi et al., 2016], we model a set of financial institutions having Value at Risk…

General Economics · Economics 2018-07-23 Piero Mazzarisi , Fabrizio Lillo , Stefano Marmi

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external tools, enabling dynamic aggregation of real-time data to improve task execution. However, its non-isolated execution context introduces critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Haoran Shi , Hongwei Yao , Shuo Shao , Shaopeng Jiao , Ziqi Peng , Zhan Qin , Cong Wang

This research introduces a multi-horizon contingency model predictive control (CMPC) framework in which classes of robust MPC (RMPC) algorithms are combined with classes of learning-based MPC (LB-MPC) algorithms to enable safe learning. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-30 Merlijne Geurts , Tren Baltussen , Alexander Katriniok , Maurice Heemels

Systemic liquidity risk, defined by the IMF as "the risk of simultaneous liquidity difficulties at multiple financial institutions", is a key topic in macroprudential policy and financial stress analysis. Specialized models to simulate…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-08 V. Macchiati , G. Brandi , G. Cimini , G. Caldarelli , D. Paolotti , T. Di Matteo

We propose a nonparametric and time-varying directed information graph (TV-DIG) framework to estimate the evolving causal structure in time series networks, thereby addressing the limitations of traditional econometric models in capturing…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-12-29 Jalal Etesami , Ali Habibnia , Negar Kiyavash

In this paper we estimate the propagation of liquidity shocks through interbank markets when the information about the underlying credit network is incomplete. We show that techniques such as Maximum Entropy currently used to reconstruct…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2013-10-08 Iacopo Mastromatteo , Elia Zarinelli , Matteo Marsili

Model Context Protocol (MCP) enables agents to interact with external tools, yet empirical research on MCP is hindered by the lack of large-scale, accessible datasets. We present MCPZoo, the largest and most comprehensive dataset of MCP…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Mengying Wu , Pei Chen , Geng Hong , Baichao An , Jinsong Chen , Binwang Wan , Xudong Pan , Jiarun Dai , Min Yang

In this paper, we measure systematic risk with a new nonparametric factor model, the neural network factor model. The suitable factors for systematic risk can be naturally found by inserting daily returns on a wide range of assets into the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-09-14 Jeonggyu Huh

Industrial automation increasingly requires flexible control strategies that can adapt to changing tasks and environments. Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential for such adaptive planning and execution but lack…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Niklas Jobs , Luis Miguel Vieira da Silva , Jayanth Somashekaraiah , Maximilian Weigand , David Kube , Felix Gehlhoff

This proposal presents a graph computing framework intending to support both online and offline computing on large dynamic graphs efficiently. The framework proposes a new data model to support rich evolving vertex and edge data types. It…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Zhao Yu Dong

This paper presents a contact-implicit model predictive control (MPC) framework for the real-time discovery of multi-contact motions, without predefined contact mode sequences or foothold positions. This approach utilizes the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Gijeong Kim , Dongyun Kang , Joon-Ha Kim , Seungwoo Hong , Hae-Won Park

Model predictive control (MPC) is a popular strategy for urban traffic management that is able to incorporate physical and user defined constraints. However, the current MPC methods rely on finite horizon predictions that are unable to…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-02-03 Sadra Sadraddini , Calin Belta

In this paper, we propose a model predictive control (MPC) method for real-time intervention of spreading processes, such as epidemics and wildfire, over large-scale networks. The goal is to allocate budgeted resources each time step to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-31 Ruigang Wang , Armaghan Zafar , Ian R. Manchester

A multilevel network is defined as the junction of two interaction networks, one level representing the interactions between individuals and the other the interactions between organizations. The levels are linked by an affiliation…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-04 Saint-Clair Chabert-Liddell , Pierre Barbillon , Sophie Donnet , Emmanuel Lazega

Tool calling has emerged as a critical capability for AI agents. In contrast to conventional tool calling frameworks that rely on static, provider-specific tool definitions, the Model Context Protocol (MCP) offers a unified interface to…

We present a novel mathematical framework for the specification and analysis of fault-resilient distributed protocols and their implementations, with the following components: 1. Transition systems that allow the specification and analysis…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Ehud Shapiro

This paper presents a novel online framework for safe crowd-robot interaction based on risk-sensitive stochastic optimal control, wherein the risk is modeled by the entropic risk measure. The sampling-based model predictive control relies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Haruki Nishimura , Boris Ivanovic , Adrien Gaidon , Marco Pavone , Mac Schwager

Network dynamics may be viewed as a process of change in the edge structure of a network, in the vertex set on which edges are defined, or in both simultaneously. Though early studies of such processes were primarily descriptive, recent…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-03-29 Zack W. Almquist , Carter T. Butts