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High-quality data is essential for modern machine learning, yet many valuable corpora are sensitive and cannot be freely shared. Synthetic data offers a practical substitute for downstream development, and large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Amin Banayeeanzade , Qingchuan Yang , Deqing Fu , Spencer Hong , Erin Babinsky , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Robin Jia , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy

The rapid growth of data in velocity, volume, value, variety, and veracity has enabled exciting new opportunities and presented big challenges for businesses of all types. Recently, there has been considerable interest in developing systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-23 Shihao Ge , Haruna Isah , Farhana Zulkernine , Shahzad Khan

Effective document intelligence models rely on large amounts of annotated training data. However, procuring sufficient and high-quality data poses significant challenges due to the labor-intensive and costly nature of data acquisition.…

Synthetic clinical data are increasingly important for advancing AI in healthcare, given strict privacy constraints on real-world EHRs, limited availability of annotated rare-condition data, and systemic biases in observational datasets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Rumeng Li , Xun Wang , Hong Yu

Modern businesses are increasingly challenged by the time and expense required to generate and assess high-quality content. Human writers face time constraints, and extrinsic evaluations can be costly. While Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Thanh Vu , Richi Nayak , Thiru Balasubramaniam

Recent advancements in generative AI have made it possible to create synthetic datasets that can be as accurate as real-world data for training AI models, powering statistical insights, and fostering collaboration with sensitive datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Amy Steier , Lipika Ramaswamy , Andre Manoel , Alexa Haushalter

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have developed rapidly in recent years to solve complex real-world problems using external tools. However, the scarcity of high-quality trajectories still hinders the development of stronger LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Chen Yang , Ran Le , Yun Xing , Zhenwei An , Zongchao Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang

Fairness auditing of AI systems can identify and quantify biases. However, traditional auditing using real-world data raises security and privacy concerns. It exposes auditors to security risks as they become custodians of sensitive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Chih-Cheng Rex Yuan , Bow-Yaw Wang

Deep research systems are widely used for multi-step web research, analysis, and cross-source synthesis, yet their evaluation remains challenging. Existing benchmarks often require annotation-intensive task construction, rely on static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yibo Wang , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Keming Wu , Yao Xiao , Huanjin Yao , Liwei Kang , Hai Ye , Yongcheng Jing , Lidong Bing

Each year, hundreds of clinical trials are conducted to evaluate new medical interventions, but sharing patient records from these trials with other institutions can be challenging due to privacy concerns and federal regulations. To help…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Trisha Das , Zifeng Wang , Afrah Shafquat , Mandis Beigi , Jason Mezey , Jacob Aptekar , Jimeng Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation and code repair, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jiexin Wang , Xitong Luo , Liuwen Cao , Hongkui He , Hailin Huang , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai

Within the evolving landscape of deep learning, the dilemma of data quantity and quality has been a long-standing problem. The recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a data-centric solution to alleviate the limitations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Lin Long , Rui Wang , Ruixuan Xiao , Junbo Zhao , Xiao Ding , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

Evaluating text-to-SQL systems remains largely fragile: correctness is typically judged by executing predicted and gold SQL queries on a single static database, even though the same queries may behave differently under alternative database…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mohammadamin Habibollah , Davood Rafiei

Large-scale and categorical-balanced text data is essential for training effective Scene Text Recognition (STR) models, which is hard to achieve when collecting real data. Synthetic data offers a cost-effective and perfectly labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xingsong Ye , Yongkun Du , JiaXin Zhang , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Zhineng Chen

The combination of Large Language Models (LLMs), systematic evaluation, and evolutionary algorithms has enabled breakthroughs in combinatorial optimization and scientific discovery. We propose to extend this powerful combination to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Carlo Bosio , Mark W. Mueller

The role of AI-generated synthetic data has recently been expanded to support realistic Monte Carlo simulations. However, guidance is limited on generating data with multilevel structures and designing simulations based on such data. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Youmi Suk , Chenguang Pan , Weixuan Xiao

Hallucinations are a key concern when creating applications that rely on Foundation models (FMs). Understanding where and how these subtle failures occur in an application relies on evaluation methods known as \textit{evals}. Prior work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Dilani Widanapathiranage , Scott Barnett , Stefanus Kurniawan , Wannita Takerngsaksiri

Synthetic data has emerged as a crucial solution to the data scarcity bottleneck in large language models (LLMs), particularly for specialized domains and low-resource languages. However, the broader adoption of existing synthetic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhichao Shi , Cehao Yang , Hao Zhou , Xiaojun Wu , Huajie Li , Xuhui Jiang , Chengjin Xu , Yuanzhuo Wang , Jian Guo

Evaluating the quality of text generated by large language models (LLMs) remains a significant challenge. Traditional metrics often fail to align well with human judgments, particularly in tasks requiring creativity and nuance. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Jayr Pereira , Andre Assumpcao , Roberto Lotufo

Machine learning (ML) holds great promise for clinical applications but is often hindered by limited access to high-quality data due to privacy concerns, high costs, and long timelines associated with clinical trials. While large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Zerui Xu , Fang Wu , Yingzhou Lu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Yue Zhao