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The Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DPM) has demonstrated remarkable performance across a variety of generative tasks. The inherent randomness in diffusion models helps address issues such as blurring at the edges of medical images and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Yilong Hu , Shijie Chang , Lihe Zhang , Feng Tian , Weibing Sun , Huchuan Lu

Inverse design problems are common in engineering and materials science. The forward direction, i.e., computing output quantities from design parameters, typically requires running a numerical simulation, such as a FEM, as an intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Jens U. Kreber , Christian Weißenfels , Joerg Stueckler

Diffusion models have emerged as the new state-of-the-art generative model with high quality samples, with intriguing properties such as mode coverage and high flexibility. They have also been shown to be effective inverse problem solvers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Dohoon Ryu , Michael T. McCann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

We present UniModel, a unified generative model that jointly supports visual understanding and visual generation within a single pixel-to-pixel diffusion framework. Our goal is to achieve unification along three axes: the model, the tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Chi Zhang , Jiepeng Wang , Youming Wang , Yuanzhi Liang , Xiaoyan Yang , Zuoxin Li , Haibin Huang , Xuelong Li

Masked diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for text and multimodal generation. However, their sampling procedure updates multiple tokens simultaneously and treats generated tokens as immutable, which may lead to error…

With the growing interest in foundation models for brain signals, graph-based pretraining has emerged as a promising paradigm for learning transferable representations from connectome data. However, existing contrastive and masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinxu Wei , Rong Zhou , Lifang He , Yu Zhang

In-context segmentation has drawn increasing attention with the advent of vision foundation models. Its goal is to segment objects using given reference images. Most existing approaches adopt metric learning or masked image modeling to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chaoyang Wang , Xiangtai Li , Henghui Ding , Lu Qi , Jiangning Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Chen Change Loy , Shuicheng Yan

Current SMILES-based diffusion models for molecule generation typically support only unimodal constraint. They inject conditioning signals at the start of the training process and require retraining a new model from scratch whenever the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yunzhe Zhang , Yifei Wang , Khanh Vinh Nguyen , Pengyu Hong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) recently showed strong capacity in integrating data among multiple modalities, empowered by a generalizable attention architecture. Advanced methods predominantly focus on language-centric tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhicheng Zhang , Wuyou Xia , Chenxi Zhao , Zhou Yan , Xiaoqiang Liu , Yongjie Zhu , Wenyu Qin , Pengfei Wan , Di Zhang , Jufeng Yang

Cross-modality image segmentation aims to segment the target modalities using a method designed in the source modality. Deep generative models can translate the target modality images into the source modality, thus enabling cross-modality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-11 Zihao Wang , Yingyu Yang , Yuzhou Chen , Tingting Yuan , Maxime Sermesant , Herve Delingette , Ona Wu

Model-free diffusion planners have shown great promise for robot motion planning, but practical robotic systems often require combining them with model-based optimization modules to enforce constraints, such as safety. Naively integrating…

Augmentation by generative modelling yields a promising alternative to the accumulation of surgical data, where ethical, organisational and regulatory aspects must be considered. Yet, the joint synthesis of (image, mask) pairs for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yannik Frisch , Christina Bornberg , Moritz Fuchs , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

We present a data-driven method for learning to generate animations of 3D garments using a 2D image diffusion model. In contrast to existing methods, typically based on fully connected networks, graph neural networks, or generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Raquel Vidaurre , Elena Garces , Dan Casas

Diffusion models generate samples by estimating the score function of the target distribution at various noise levels. The model is trained using samples drawn from the target distribution by progressively adding noise. Previous sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Syamantak Kumar , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Purnamrita Sarkar

In this paper, we argue that iterative computation with diffusion models offers a powerful paradigm for not only generation but also visual perception tasks. We unify tasks such as depth estimation, optical flow, and amodal segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Rahul Ravishankar , Zeeshan Patel , Jathushan Rajasegaran , Jitendra Malik

Machine learning models struggle with generalization when encountering out-of-distribution (OOD) samples with unexpected distribution shifts. For vision tasks, recent studies have shown that test-time adaptation employing diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yun-Yun Tsai , Fu-Chen Chen , Albert Y. C. Chen , Junfeng Yang , Che-Chun Su , Min Sun , Cheng-Hao Kuo

We are witnessing rapid progress in automatically generating and manipulating 3D assets due to the availability of pretrained text-image diffusion models. However, time-consuming optimization procedures are required for synthesizing each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Etai Sella , Gal Fiebelman , Noam Atia , Hadar Averbuch-Elor

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) tend to accrue technical debt and suffer from significant retraining costs when adapting to evolving requirements. Modularizing DNNs offers the promise of improving their reusability. Previous work has proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Tuan Ngo , Abid Hassan , Saad Shafiq , Nenad Medvidovic

3D asset generation plays a pivotal role in fields such as gaming and virtual reality, enabling the rapid synthesis of high-fidelity 3D objects from a single or multiple images. Building on this capability, enabling style-controllable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yiran Qiao , Yiren Lu , Yunlai Zhou , Disheng Liu , Linlin Hou , Rui Yang , Yu Yin , Jing Ma

Designing a single molecule that modulates two targets is a promising strategy for polypharmacology, but it remains substantially harder than standard single-target generation because one candidate must satisfy two binding requirements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Qingyuan Zeng , Pengxiang Cai , Zixin Guan , Ziyang Chen , Anglin Liu , Lang Qin , Xinyao Lai , Jintai Chen