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Machine learning methods, such as diffusion models, are widely explored as a promising way to accelerate high-fidelity fluid dynamics computation via a super-resolution process from faster-to-compute low-fidelity input. However, existing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Ruoyan Li , Zijie Huang , Haixin Wang , Guancheng Wan , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang

Diffusion approximation provides weak approximation for stochastic gradient descent algorithms in a finite time horizon. In this paper, we introduce new tools motivated by the backward error analysis of numerical stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Yuanyuan Feng , Tingran Gao , Lei Li , Jian-Guo Liu , Yulong Lu

Classifier guidance is a recently introduced method to trade off mode coverage and sample fidelity in conditional diffusion models post training, in the same spirit as low temperature sampling or truncation in other types of generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Jonathan Ho , Tim Salimans

Diffusion models achieve strong generation quality, diversity, and distribution coverage, but their performance often comes with expensive inference. In this work, we propose Stochastic Transition-Map Distillation (STMD), a teacher-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 George Rapakoulias , Peter Garud , Lingjiong Zhu , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Guidance serves as a key concept in diffusion models, yet its effectiveness is often limited by the need for extra data annotation or classifier pretraining. That is why guidance was harnessed from self-supervised learning backbones, like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Vincent Tao Hu , Yunlu Chen , Mathilde Caron , Yuki M. Asano , Cees G. M. Snoek , Bjorn Ommer

Solving statistical learning problems often involves nonconvex optimization. Despite the empirical success of nonconvex statistical optimization methods, their global dynamics, especially convergence to the desirable local minima, remain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-30 Chris Junchi Li , Zhaoran Wang , Han Liu

Classifier free guidance is a standard method for conditional sampling in diffusion models, but its sampling rule is not aligned with the objective used in training. This mismatch induces a structural sampling error through the interaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Nakgyu Yang , Yechan Lee , SooJean Han

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) has become an essential component of modern diffusion models to enhance both generation quality and alignment with input conditions. However, CFG requires specific training procedures and is limited to…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Javad Rajabi , Soroush Mehraban , Seyedmorteza Sadat , Babak Taati

With the rapid advances in diffusion models, generating decent images from text prompts is no longer challenging. The key to text-to-image generation is how to optimize the results of a text-to-image generation model so that they can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xiwen Wang , Jizhe Zhou , Xuekang Zhu , Cheng Li , Mao Li

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is a widely used technique for improving the perceptual quality of samples from conditional diffusion models. It operates by linearly combining conditional and unconditional score estimates using a guidance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Alexandre Galashov , Ashwini Pokle , Arnaud Doucet , Arthur Gretton , Mauricio Delbracio , Valentin De Bortoli

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) recovers the optimal policy $\pi$ given historical observations of an agent. In practice, $\pi$ is modeled as a weighted version of the agent's behavior policy $\mu$, using a weight function $w$ working…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Augusto Tagle , Javier Ruiz-del-Solar , Felipe Tobar

We introduce a novel, training-free approach for enhancing alignment in Transformer-based Text-Guided Diffusion Models (TGDMs). Existing TGDMs often struggle to generate semantically aligned images, particularly when dealing with complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shulei Wang , Wang Lin , Hai Huang , Hanting Wang , Sihang Cai , WenKang Han , Tao Jin , Jingyuan Chen , Jiacheng Sun , Jieming Zhu , Zhou Zhao

Personalizing text-to-image diffusion models is crucial for adapting the pre-trained models to specific target concepts, enabling diverse image generation. However, fine-tuning with few images introduces an inherent trade-off between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Sunghyun Park , Seokeon Choi , Hyoungwoo Park , Sungrack Yun

Given an unconditional diffusion model and a predictor for a target property of interest (e.g., a classifier), the goal of training-free guidance is to generate samples with desirable target properties without additional training. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Haotian Ye , Haowei Lin , Jiaqi Han , Minkai Xu , Sheng Liu , Yitao Liang , Jianzhu Ma , James Zou , Stefano Ermon

In this paper, we propose Tortoise and Hare Guidance (THG), a training-free strategy that accelerates diffusion sampling while maintaining high-fidelity generation. We demonstrate that the noise estimate and the additional guidance term…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yunghee Lee , Byeonghyun Pak , Junwha Hong , Hoseong Kim

Diffusion models have gained prominence as state-of-the-art techniques for synthesizing images and videos, particularly due to their ability to scale effectively with large datasets. Recent studies have uncovered that these extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Dat Nguyen Cong , Hieu Tran Bao , Hoang Thanh-Tung

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a known stochastic iterative method popular for large-scale convex optimization problems due to its simple implementation and scalability. Some objectives, such as those found in complex-valued neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Natanael Alpay , Emeric Battaglia

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) is a widely used mechanism for controlling diffusion-based generative models, yet its guidance scale is typically treated as a fixed hyperparameter throughout generation. This static design yields a suboptimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fan Zhou , Tim Van de Cruys

This paper presents a test-time guidance method to improve the output quality of the human motion diffusion models without requiring additional training. To have negative guidance, Smooth Perturbation Guidance (SPG) builds a weak model by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Boseong Jeon

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) has emerged as a pivotal advancement in text-to-image latent diffusion models, establishing itself as a cornerstone technique for achieving high-quality image synthesis. However, under high guidance weights,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Cheng Jin , Zhenyu Xiao , Chutao Liu , Yuantao Gu