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We report the first demonstration of quantum key distribution over a standard telecom fiber exceeding 100 km in length. Through careful optimisation of the interferometer and single photon detector, we achieve a quantum bit error ratio of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Gobby , Z. L. Yuan , A. J. Shields

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises provably secure communications. In order to improve the secret key rate, combining a biased basis choice with the decoy-state method is proposed. Concomitantly, there is a basis-independent detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Hua-Lei Yin , Peng Liu , Wei-Wei Dai , Zhao-Hui Ci , Jie Gu , Tian Gao , Qiang-Wei Wang , Zi-Yao Shen

We study information theoretical security for space links between a satellite and a ground-station. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a well established method for information theoretical secure communication, giving the eavesdropper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 A. Vazquez-Castro , D. Rusca , H. Zbinden

Source-independent quantum secret sharing (SI QSS), while essential for secure multiuser cryptographic operations in quantum networks, faces significant implementation challenges stemming from the inherent complexity of generating and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Yi-Ran Xiao , Hua-Lei Yin , Wen-Ji Hua , Xiao-Yu Cao , Zeng-Bing Chen

The device-independent framework constitutes the most pragmatic approach to quantum protocols that does not put any trust in their implementations. It requires all claims, about e.g. security, to be made at the level of the final classical…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) allows unconditionally secure communication based on the laws of quantum mechanics rather then assumptions about computational hardness. Optimizing the operation parameters of a given QKD implementation is…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers provably secure, information-theoretic key exchange, but in long-distance scenarios without quantum repeaters, Trusted Nodes (TNs) are commonly employed despite introducing critical security risks. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Sumit Chaudhary , Davide Li Calsi , JinHyeock Choi , Marc Geitz , Janis Nötzel

As an extension of quantum key distribution, secure communication among multiple users is an essential task in a quantum network. When the quantum network structure becomes complicated with a large number of users, it is important to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Hongyi Zhou , Kefan Lv , Longbo Huang , Xiongfeng Ma

This paper establishes the fundamental limits of a multi-access system where multiple users communicate to a legitimate receiver in presence of an external warden. Only a specific subset of the users, called covert users, needs their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Abdelaziz Bounhar , Mireille Sarkiss , Michèle Wigger

Coherent-one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a significant communication protocol that has been implemented experimentally and deployed in practical products due to its simple equipment requirements. However, existing security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Ming-Yang Li , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yuan-Mei Xie , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

We study the security of a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol under the one-sided device-independent (1sDI) setting, which assumes trust in only one party's measurement device. This approach effectively provides a balance between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Pritam Roy , Subhankar Bera , A. S. Majumdar

Progress in the development of techniques for the construction of multiuser quantum communications networks is reviewed in light of the plans for an EU quantum communications infrastructure (EU QCI). Quantum key distribution networks may be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-06 Adam M. Lewis , Petra F. Scudo

Due to the capability of tolerating high error rate and generating more key bits per trial, high-dimensional quantum key distribution attracts wide interest. Despite great progresses in high-dimensional quantum key distribution, there are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Rong Wang , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Hang Liu , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

The use of decoy states in quantum key distribution (QKD) has provided a method for substantially increasing the secret key rate and distance that can be covered by QKD protocols with practical signals. The security analysis of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Marcos Curty , Tobias Moroder , Xiongfeng Ma , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution can provide unconditionally secure key exchange for remote users in theory. In practice, however, in most quantum key distribution systems, quantum hackers might steal the secure keys by listening to the side…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cornerstone of the secure quantum encryption. Building on the quantum irreversibility, we develop a technique reborning the existing QKDs into protocols that are unrestricted in distance and have…

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) and quantum conference key agreement (QCKA) provide efficient encryption approaches for realizing multi-party secure communication, which are essential components of future quantum networks. We present three…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-14 Shuaishuai Liu , Zhengguo Lu , Pu Wang , Yan Tian , Qing Lu , Xuyang Wang , Yongmin Li

In this paper we present a new proof technique for semi-quantum key distribution protocols which makes use of a quantum entropic uncertainty relation to bound an adversary's information. Our new technique provides a more optimistic key-rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Walter O. Krawec

We propose a low-complexity near-optimal wavelength allocation technique for quantum key distribution access networks that rely on wavelength division multiple access. Such networks would allow users to send quantum and classical signals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Sima Bahrani , Osama Elmabrok , Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Mohsen Razavi

Quantum Key Distribution, as a branch of quantum mechanics in cryptography, can distribute keys between legal communication parties in an unconditionally secure manner, thus can realize in transmitting confidential information with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-10 Han Duo , Li Zhihui , Liu Chengji , Gao Feifei