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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in recommendation scenarios due to their strong natural language understanding and generation capabilities. However, they are trained on vast corpora whose contents are not publicly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Antonio Colacicco , Vito Guida , Dario Di Palma , Fedelucio Narducci , Tommaso Di Noia

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) show impressive results in numerous practical applications, but they lack essential safety features that are common in other areas of computer science, particularly an explicit separation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Egor Zverev , Sahar Abdelnabi , Soroush Tabesh , Mario Fritz , Christoph H. Lampert

Effective collaboration requires groups to strategically regulate themselves to overcome challenges. Research has shown that groups may fail to regulate due to differences in members' perceptions of challenges which may benefit from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Wannapon Suraworachet , Jennifer Seon , Mutlu Cukurova

Public leaderboards increasingly suggest that large language models (LLMs) surpass human experts on benchmarks spanning academic knowledge, law, and programming. Yet most benchmarks are fully public, their questions widely mirrored across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eshwar Reddy M , Sourav Karmakar

We introduce aligned probing, a novel interpretability framework that aligns the behavior of language models (LMs), based on their outputs, and their internal representations (internals). Using this framework, we examine over 20 OLMo,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Andreas Waldis , Vagrant Gautam , Anne Lauscher , Dietrich Klakow , Iryna Gurevych

Large language models (LLMs) can detect software vulnerabilities, but how do they actually identify vulnerable code? We address this question using mechanistic interpretability; analyzing the internal computations of a neural network to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Syafiq Al Atiiq , Chun Zhou , Christian Gehrmann

The increasing use of deep learning across various domains highlights the importance of understanding the decision-making processes of these black-box models. Recent research focusing on the decision boundaries of deep classifiers, relies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Inês Gomes , Luís F. Teixeira , Jan N. van Rijn , Carlos Soares , André Restivo , Luís Cunha , Moisés Santos

Modern large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across a wide range of multi-step reasoning tasks. Recent work suggests that LLMs may perform planning - selecting a future target token in advance and generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jatin Nainani , Sankaran Vaidyanathan , Connor Watts , Andre N. Assis , Alice Rigg

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to a sophisticated form of adversarial prompting known as camouflaged jailbreaking. This method embeds malicious intent within seemingly benign language to evade existing safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Youjia Zheng , Mohammad Zandsalimy , Shanu Sushmita

Predicting future events is an important activity with applications across multiple fields and domains. For example, the capacity to foresee stock market trends, natural disasters, business developments, or political events can facilitate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Petraq Nako , Adam Jatowt

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have witnessed remarkable growth, showcasing formidable capabilities in handling intricate multimodal tasks with exceptional performance. Recent research has underscored the inclination of large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Haiqi Yang , Jinzhe Li , Gengxu Li , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

People judge interactions with large language models (LLMs) as successful when outputs match what they want, not what they type. Yet LLMs are trained to predict the next token solely from text input, not underlying intent. Because written…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Nadav Kunievsky , James A. Evans

The air transport system recognizes the criticality of safety, as even minor anomalies can have severe consequences. Reporting accidents and incidents play a vital role in identifying their causes and proposing safety recommendations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Aziida Nanyonga , Hassan Wasswa , Oleksandra Molloy , Ugur Turhan , Graham Wild

As language models are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents in high-stakes settings, ensuring that they reliably follow user-defined rules has become a critical safety concern. To this end, we study whether language models exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Dylan Sam , Alexander Robey , Andy Zou , Matt Fredrikson , J. Zico Kolter

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet inaccurate responses, introducing significant risks for deployment in safety-critical domains. We present a novel, test-time approach to detecting model hallucination through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hazel Kim , Tom A. Lamb , Adel Bibi , Philip Torr , Yarin Gal

The trustworthiness of highly capable language models is put at risk when they are able to produce deceptive outputs. Moreover, when models are vulnerable to deception it undermines reliability. In this paper, we introduce a method to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Julius Heitkoetter , Michael Gerovitch , Laker Newhouse

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

As the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, the importance of rigorous safety evaluation is becoming increasingly evident. Recent concerns within the realm of safety assessment have highlighted instances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Tatsuhiro Aoshima , Mitsuaki Akiyama

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various tasks, but their performance is highly sensitive to the prompts utilized. This variability poses challenges for accurate assessment and user satisfaction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Jingming Zhuo , Songyang Zhang , Xinyu Fang , Haodong Duan , Dahua Lin , Kai Chen

When using large language models (LLMs) in high-stakes applications, we need to know when we can trust their predictions. Some works argue that prompting high-performance LLMs is sufficient to produce calibrated uncertainties, while others…

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