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Evaluating the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires diverse, safety-critical scenarios, with collisions being especially important yet rare and unsafe to collect in the real world. Therefore, the community has been focusing on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Pin-Lun Chen , Chi-Hsi Kung , Che-Han Chang , Wei-Chen Chiu , Yi-Ting Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are demonstrating outstanding potential for tasks such as text generation, summarization, and classification. Given that such models are trained on a humongous amount of online knowledge, we hypothesize that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Jiahui Wu , Chengjie Lu , Aitor Arrieta , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali

We present a prototype of a tool leveraging the synergy of model driven engineering (MDE) and Large Language Models (LLM) for the purpose of software development process automation in the automotive industry. In this approach, the…

Controllable video generation has emerged as a versatile tool for autonomous driving, enabling realistic synthesis of traffic scenarios. However, existing methods depend on control signals at inference time to guide the generative model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Mirlan Karimov , Teodora Spasojevic , Markus Braun , Julian Wiederer , Vasileios Belagiannis , Marc Pollefeys

Recent advancements in computer graphics technology allow more realistic ren-dering of car driving environments. They have enabled self-driving car simulators such as DeepGTA-V and CARLA (Car Learning to Act) to generate large amounts of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Minh Cao , Ramin Ramezani

Traffic simulation is an efficient and cost-effective way to test Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in a complex and dynamic environment. Numerous studies have been conducted for AV evaluation using traffic simulation over the past decades.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Pei Li , Arpan Kusari , David J. LeBlanc

Scene simulation in autonomous driving has gained significant attention because of its huge potential for generating customized data. However, existing editable scene simulation approaches face limitations in terms of user interaction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yuxi Wei , Zi Wang , Yifan Lu , Chenxin Xu , Changxing Liu , Hao Zhao , Siheng Chen , Yanfeng Wang

Procedural generation techniques in 3D rendering engines have revolutionized the creation of complex environments, reducing reliance on manual design. Recent approaches using Large Language Models (LLMs) for 3D scene generation show promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Arafa Yoncalik , Wouter Jansen , Nico Huebel , Mohammad Hasan Rahmani , Jan Steckel

Text-to-Video generation, which utilizes the provided text prompt to generate high-quality videos, has drawn increasing attention and achieved great success due to the development of diffusion models recently. Existing methods mainly rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Zirui Pan , Xin Wang , Yipeng Zhang , Hong Chen , Kwan Man Cheng , Yaofei Wu , Wenwu Zhu

In the field of autonomous driving, sensor simulation is essential for generating rare and diverse scenarios that are difficult to capture in real-world environments. Current solutions fall into two categories: 1) CG-based methods, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zhengqing Chen , Ruohong Mei , Xiaoyang Guo , Qingjie Wang , Yubin Hu , Wei Yin , Weiqiang Ren , Qian Zhang

We introduce a novel method for real-time animation control and generation on rigged models using natural language input. First, we embed a large language model (LLM) in Unity to output structured texts that can be parsed into diverse and…

Driving in safety-critical scenarios requires quick, context-aware decision-making grounded in both situational understanding and experiential reasoning. Large Language Models (LLMs), with their powerful general-purpose reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Wenbin Gan , Minh-Son Dao , Koji Zettsu

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong capabilities in understanding and analyzing visual scenes across various domains. However, in the context of autonomous driving, their limited comprehension of 3D environments restricts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jannik Lübberstedt , Esteban Rivera , Nico Uhlemann , Markus Lienkamp

Autonomous driving (AD) testing constitutes a critical methodology for assessing performance benchmarks prior to product deployment. The creation of segmented scenarios within a simulated environment is acknowledged as a robust and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Xuan Cai , Xuesong Bai , Zhiyong Cui , Danmu Xie , Daocheng Fu , Haiyang Yu , Yilong Ren

Scenario simulation is central to testing autonomous driving systems. Scenic, a domain-specific language (DSL) for CARLA, enables precise and reproducible scenarios, but NL-to-Scenic generation with large language models (LLMs) suffers from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Philipp Bauerfeind , Amir Salarpour , David Fernandez , Pedram MohajerAnsari , Johannes Reschke , Mert D. Pesé

Generating safety-critical scenarios is essential for testing and verifying the safety of autonomous vehicles. Traditional optimization techniques suffer from the curse of dimensionality and limit the search space to fixed parameter spaces.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Haolan Liu , Liangjun Zhang , Siva Kumar Sastry Hari , Jishen Zhao

Video diffusion techniques have advanced significantly in recent years; however, they struggle to generate realistic imagery of car crashes due to the scarcity of accident events in most driving datasets. Improving traffic safety requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Anthony Gosselin , Ge Ya Luo , Luis Lara , Florian Golemo , Derek Nowrouzezahrai , Liam Paull , Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau , Christopher Pal

Laboratories are prone to severe injuries from minor unsafe actions, yet continuous safety monitoring -- beyond mandatory pre-lab safety training -- is limited by human availability. Vision language models (VLMs) offer promise for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Trishna Chakraborty , Udita Ghosh , Aldair Ernesto Gongora , Ruben Glatt , Yue Dong , Jiachen Li , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Chengyu Song

Real-world autonomous driving must adhere to complex human social rules that extend beyond legally codified traffic regulations. Many of these semantic constraints, such as yielding to emergency vehicles, complying with traffic officers'…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Qian Cheng , Weitao Zhou , Cheng Jing , Nanshan Deng , Junze Wen , Zhaoyang Liu , Kun Jiang , Diange Yang

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to lower the accident rate when compared to human driving. Moreover, it is the driving force of the automated vehicles' rapid development over the last few years. In the higher Society of Automotive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot