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This paper introduces CRITICAL, a novel closed-loop framework for autonomous vehicle (AV) training and testing. CRITICAL stands out for its ability to generate diverse scenarios, focusing on critical driving situations that target specific…

Current scientific research witnesses various attempts at applying Large Language Models for scenario generation but is inclined only to comprehensive or dangerous scenarios. In this paper, we seek to build a three-stage framework that not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yicheng Xiao , Yangyang Sun , Yicheng Lin

This study introduces a novel approach for traffic control systems by using Large Language Models (LLMs) as traffic controllers. The study utilizes their logical reasoning, scene understanding, and decision-making capabilities to optimize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Sari Masri , Huthaifa I. Ashqar , Mohammed Elhenawy

Evaluating autonomous driving systems in complex and diverse traffic scenarios through controllable simulation is essential to ensure their safety and reliability. However, existing traffic simulation methods face challenges in their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhiyuan Liu , Leheng Li , Yuning Wang , Haotian Lin , Hao Cheng , Zhizhe Liu , Lei He , Jianqiang Wang

Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) exhibit advanced capabilities in tasks that require visual information, including object detection. These capabilities have promising applications in various industrial domains, such as autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Haruki Sakajo , Hiroshi Takato , Hiroshi Tsutsui , Komei Soda , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Generating varied scenarios through simulation is crucial for training and evaluating safety-critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles. Yet, the task of modeling the trajectories of other vehicles to simulate diverse and meaningful…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Phat Nguyen , Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Zhang-Wei Hong , Sertac Karaman , Daniela Rus

In recent years, autonomous driving systems have made significant progress, yet ensuring their safety remains a key challenge. To this end, scenario-based testing offers a practical solution, and simulation-based methods have gained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Jiahui Wu , Chengjie Lu , Aitor Arrieta , Shaukat Ali

Large Language Models (LLMs) are taking many industries by storm. They possess impressive reasoning capabilities and are capable of handling complex problems, as shown by their steadily improving scores on coding and mathematical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Krzysztof Lebioda , Nenad Petrovic , Fengjunjie Pan , Vahid Zolfaghari , Andre Schamschurko , Alois Knoll

Generating realistic and controllable traffic scenes from natural language can greatly enhance the development and evaluation of autonomous driving systems. However, this task poses unique challenges: (1) grounding free-form text into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Bo-Kai Ruan , Hao-Tang Tsui , Yung-Hui Li , Hong-Han Shuai

Human drivers naturally balance the risks of different concerns while driving, including traffic rule violations, minor accidents, and fatalities. However, achieving the same behavior in autonomous driving systems remains an open problem.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-06 Shuhao Qi , Zengjie Zhang , Zhiyong Sun , Sofie Haesaert

Safety-critical traffic simulation plays a crucial role in evaluating autonomous driving systems under rare and challenging scenarios. However, existing approaches often generate unrealistic scenarios due to insufficient consideration of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Mingxing Peng , Ruoyu Yao , Xusen Guo , Yuting Xie , Xianda Chen , Jun Ma

Generating large-scale sensing datasets through photo-realistic simulation is an important aspect of many robotics applications such as autonomous driving. In this paper, we consider the problem of synchronous data collection from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Asma A. Almutairi , David J. LeBlanc , Arpan Kusari

The safe deployment of autonomous driving systems (ADSs) relies on comprehensive testing and evaluation. However, safety-critical scenarios that can effectively expose system vulnerabilities are extremely sparse in the real world. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Xinzheng Wu , Junyi Chen , Naiting Zhong , Yong Shen

Machine learning based autonomous driving systems often face challenges with safety-critical scenarios that are rare in real-world data, hindering their large-scale deployment. While increasing real-world training data coverage could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Yuan Yin , Pegah Khayatan , Éloi Zablocki , Alexandre Boulch , Matthieu Cord

In this paper, we introduce DirectorLLM, a novel video generation model that employs a large language model (LLM) to orchestrate human poses within videos. As foundational text-to-video models rapidly evolve, the demand for high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kunpeng Song , Tingbo Hou , Zecheng He , Haoyu Ma , Jialiang Wang , Animesh Sinha , Sam Tsai , Yaqiao Luo , Xiaoliang Dai , Li Chen , Xide Xia , Peizhao Zhang , Peter Vajda , Ahmed Elgammal , Felix Juefei-Xu

Video generation models have shown strong potential as world models for autonomous driving simulation. However, existing approaches are primarily trained on real-world driving datasets, which mostly contain natural and safe driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Jiawei Zhou , Zhenxin Zhu , Lingyi Du , Linye Lyu , Lijun Zhou , Zhanqian Wu , Hongcheng Luo , Zhuotao Tian , Bing Wang , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Haiyang Sun , Yu Li

World models have demonstrated superiority in autonomous driving, particularly in the generation of multi-view driving videos. However, significant challenges still exist in generating customized driving videos. In this paper, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Guosheng Zhao , Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Zhu , Xinze Chen , Guan Huang , Xiaoyi Bao , Xingang Wang

The validation of autonomous driving systems benefits greatly from the ability to generate scenarios that are both realistic and precisely controllable. Conventional approaches, such as real-world test drives, are not only expensive but…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yizhuo Xiao , Mustafa Suphi Erden , Cheng Wang

Ensuring and improving the safety of autonomous driving systems (ADS) is crucial for the deployment of highly automated vehicles, especially in safety-critical events. To address the rarity issue, adversarial scenario generation methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuewen Mei , Tong Nie , Jian Sun , Ye Tian

Ensuring robust safety measures across a wide range of scenarios is crucial for user-facing systems. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate valuable data for safety measures, they often exhibit distributional biases, focusing on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Sabit Hassan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani