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This feature article presents insights concerning the correlation of PECVD and PEALD thin film structures with their barrier or membrane properties. While in principle similar precursor gases and processes can be applied, the adjustment of…
Intense lasers can accelerate electrons to very high energy over a short distance. Such compact accelerators have several potential applications including fast ignition, high energy physics, and radiography. Among the various schemes of…
The collimator system of a particle accelerator must efficiently remove stray particles and provide protection against uncontrolled losses. In this article, the basic design concepts of collimators and some realizations are presented.
Transverse deflecting cavities are used for a number of applications in modern accelerators. In this paper we discuss the fields of these cavities, some of their applications, and some important aspects of their design.
We summarized the room-temperature optical properties for infrared-transparent materials, defining transparency windows for two different applications: thin-film coatings (absorption coefficient $\alpha < 10 cm^{-1}$) and windows ($\alpha <…
The resonant laser cooling of circular accelerator beams of relativistic charged particle is studied. It is shown that in the approximation of the given external electromagnetic wave amplitude (small gain free electron laser) the emittance…
The need for higher power density in electrical machines require better cooling strategies. Spray cooling is a very promising and relatively simple technology to apply, but involves extremely complicated physics. In this paper, a quasi-3D…
While particle beam steering (and in particular, "scraping") in accelerators by bent channeling crystals is an established technique extensively tested at IHEP Protvino and other major high-energy labs, an interesting question is how one…
This paper presents the latest trends in the powering of particle accelerators. A series of solutions is proposed for responding to the challenges of high performance machines. This paper covers the domains of magnetic field uncertainty,…
Particle accelerators represent some of the most sophisticated engineering achievements of our time. Their construction requires a unique combination of physics insight and mechanical engineering expertise. The aim of this paper is to…
The idea behind universal coating is to have a thin layer of a specific substance covering an object of any shape so that one can measure a certain condition (like temperature or cracks) at any spot on the surface of the object without…
Accelerating particles to relativistic energies over very short distances using lasers has been a long standing goal in physics. Among the various schemes proposed for electrons, vacuum laser acceleration has attracted considerable interest…
This study explores strategies to improve engine efficiency through innovative materials, design concepts, and alternative energy sources. It highlights the use of nanomaterials and surface engineering to create hydrophobic or other types…
Relativistic lasers on solid targets generate hot electrons, and other secondary particles. These particles can be used for radiography, cancer therapy, or isochoric heating. A lower density or structured coating on high-Z targets can…
In the past decade, nanopores have been developed extensively for various potential applications, and their performance greatly depends on the surface properties of the nanopores. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a new technology for…
The basic notions of vacuum technology for superconducting applications are presented, with an emphasis on mass and heat transport in free molecular regimes. The working principles and practical details of turbomolecular pumps and cryopumps…
Particle acceleration in microstructures driven by ultrafast solid state lasers is a rapidly evolving area of advanced accelerator research, leading to a variety of concepts based on planar-symmetric dielectric gratings, hollow core fibers,…
Many technologies based on cells containing alkali-metal atomic vapor benefit from the use of anti-relaxation surface coatings in order to preserve atomic spin polarization. In particular, paraffin has been used for this purpose for several…
We discuss the potential for using microfabrication techniques for laser-driven accelerator construction. We introduce microfabrication processes in general, and then describe our investigation of a particular trial process. We conclude by…
Polymers and composite materials play an essential role in accelerator and detectors technology, with varying roles that range from electrical insulation and structural support to thermal management. This paper provides a general review of…