Related papers: Surface Finishing and Coatings for Accelerator Vac…
Principles of the precision cleaning dedicated to ultra-high vacuum applications are reviewed together with the techniques for the evaluation of surface cleanliness. Methods to verify the effectiveness of cleaning procedures are addressed.…
This lecture introduces major physics and technology aspects of accelerator vacuum systems. Following an introduction, in the second section generic vacuum quantities such as pressure, gas density, the gas equation, pumping speed,…
The effective and reliable operation of particle accelerator machines is strongly related to obtaining and keeping the required ultra-high vacuum level. This paper briefly presents some generic requirements to take in consideration for…
Vacuum systems are an intrinsic part of any accelerator around the world: all particles circulate under vacuum. This lecture gives rudiments on the fundamentals of vacuum science such as units, ideal gas law, partial pressure, mean free…
Particulates and dust can limit accelerator performance in various ways. In this paper the basic properties and mechanisms of contaminations due to particulates are described. With this knowledge countermeasures can be implemented to…
This lecture is a brief introduction to charged particle accelerators. The aim is to provide the reader with basic concepts and tools needed to describe the motion of charged particles under the action of guiding and focussing fields, with…
In modern accelerators, stringent requirements are placed on the materials used for vacuum systems. Their physical and mechanical properties, machinability, weldability and brazeability are key parameters. Adequate strength, ductility,…
A good vacuum performance in particle accelerators is vital for their successful operation. The reasons why a good vacuum is needed, together with the basics of vacuum physics and technology and the main gas sources inside the vacuum…
TiN film was coated on the internal face of racetrack-type ceramic pipe by three different methods: radio-frequency sputtering, DC sputtering and DC magnetron sputtering. The deposition rates of TiN film under different coating methods were…
Vacuum thin windows have been used in Fermilab's accelerators for decades and typically have been overlooked in terms of their criticality and fragility. Vacuum windows allow beam to pass through while creating a boundary between vacuum and…
Of the tens of thousands of particle accelerators in operation worldwide, the vast majority are not used for particle physics, but instead for applications. Some applications such as radiotherapy for cancer treatment are well-known, while…
Silicon tracking detectors have grown to cover larger surface areas up to hundreds of square meters, and are even taking over other sub-detectors, such as calorimeters. However, further improvements in tracking detector performance are more…
Surface acceleration of fast electrons in intense laser-plasma interaction is improved by using sub-wavelength grating targets. The fast electron beam emitted along the target surface was enhanced by more than three times relative to that…
Particle colliders have been remarkably successful tools in particle and nuclear physics. What are the future trends and limitations of accelerators as they currently exist, and are there possible alternative approaches? What would the…
Fundamental questions on the nature of matter and energy have found answers thanks to the use of particle accelerators. Societal applications, such as cancer treatment or cancer imaging, illustrate the impact of accelerators in our current…
Many objects in nature and industry are wrapped in a thin sheet to enhance their chemical, mechanical, or optical properties. There are similarly a variety of methods for wrapping, from pressing a film onto a hard substrate, to using…
Thin Film technology has widespread applications in everyday electronics, notably Liquid Crystal Display screens, solar cells, and organic light emitting diodes. We explore the potential of this technology as charged particle radiation…
Vacuum window research continues at Fermilab and this paper will examine cost effective, consistent designs which can have a huge impact on accelerator laboratories in terms of safety and cost. Issues such as the design, materials,…
New computational tools are essential for accurate modeling and simulation of the next generation of muon-based accelerators. One of the crucial physics processes specific to muon accelerators that has not yet been simulated in detail is…
It has been recently shown that especially engineered light beams have the remarkable ability to propagate along curved trajectories in vacuum. Current methods for generating accelerating beams use phase modulators and lenses leading to…