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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various domains, prompting a surge in their practical applications. However, concerns have arisen regarding the trustworthiness of LLMs outputs, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Danna Zheng , Danyang Liu , Mirella Lapata , Jeff Z. Pan

Conversational Question Answering (ConvQA) models aim at answering a question with its relevant paragraph and previous question-answer pairs that occurred during conversation multiple times. To apply such models to a real-world scenario,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Soyeong Jeong , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang , Jong C. Park

Recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have made remarkable progress in multimodal understanding tasks, yet their evaluation on long video understanding remains unreliable. Due to limited frame inputs, key frames necessary for answering the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xueqing Yu , Bohan Li , Yan Li , Zhenheng Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) can correct their self-generated responses, but a decline in accuracy after self-correction is also witnessed. To have a deeper understanding of self-correction, we endeavor to decompose, evaluate, and analyze…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhe Yang , Yichang Zhang , Yudong Wang , Ziyao Xu , Junyang Lin , Zhifang Sui

Honesty alignment-the ability of large language models (LLMs) to recognize their knowledge boundaries and express calibrated confidence-is essential for trustworthy deployment. Existing methods either rely on training-free confidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Shiyu Ni , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Minghao Tang , Jingtong Wu , Zengxin Han , Xueqi Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for automated grading, but their outputs can be unreliable. Rather than improving grading accuracy directly, we address a complementary problem: \textit{predicting when an LLM grader is likely to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Robinson Ferrer , Damla Turgut , Zhongzhou Chen , Shashank Sonkar

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, the susceptibility of VLMs to hallucinations can lead to overconfident yet incorrect answers, severely undermining answer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Xixian Wu , Yang Ou , Pengchao Tian , Zian Yang , Jielei Zhang , Peiyi Li , Longwen Gao

Within the multimodal field, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have made significant progress due to their strong perception and reasoning capabilities in the visual and language systems. However, LVLMs are still plagued by the two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Sirui Cheng , Siyu Zhang , Jiayi Wu , Muchen Lan

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have recently shown significant advancements in video understanding, especially in feature alignment, event reasoning, and instruction-following tasks. However, their capability for counterfactual reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yuefei Chen , Jiang Liu , Xiaodong Lin , Ruixiang Tang

We propose a benchmark to measure whether a language model is truthful in generating answers to questions. The benchmark comprises 817 questions that span 38 categories, including health, law, finance and politics. We crafted questions that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Stephanie Lin , Jacob Hilton , Owain Evans

Vision-language models (VLMs) often produce chain-of-thought (CoT) explanations that sound plausible yet fail to reflect the underlying decision process, undermining trust in high-stakes clinical use. Existing evaluations rarely catch this…

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly contributed to the development of equitable AI systems capable of factual question-answering (QA). However, no known study tests the LLMs' robustness when presented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Shubhra Ghosh , Abhilekh Borah , Aditya Kumar Guru , Kripabandhu Ghosh

Reliable Large Language Models (LLMs) should abstain when confidence is insufficient. However, prior studies often treat refusal as a generic "I don't know'', failing to distinguish input-level ambiguity (data uncertainty) from capability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jingyi Ren , Ante Wang , Yunghwei Lai , Xiaolong Wang , Linlu Gong , Weitao Li , Weizhi Ma , Yang Liu

The global shortage of healthcare workers has demanded the development of smart healthcare assistants, which can help monitor and alert healthcare workers when necessary. We examine the healthcare knowledge of existing Large Vision Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Sourjyadip Ray , Kushal Gupta , Soumi Kundu , Payal Arvind Kasat , Somak Aditya , Pawan Goyal

Recently, User-Generated Content (UGC) videos have gained popularity in our daily lives. However, UGC videos often suffer from poor exposure due to the limitations of photographic equipment and techniques. Therefore, Video Exposure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Xunchu Zhou , Xiaohong Liu , Yunlong Dong , Tengchuan Kou , Yixuan Gao , Zicheng Zhang , Chunyi Li , Haoning Wu , Guangtao Zhai

Despite the success of large language models (LLMs) in natural language generation, much evidence shows that LLMs may produce incorrect or nonsensical text. This limitation highlights the importance of discerning when to trust LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Shuchang Tao , Liuyi Yao , Hanxing Ding , Yuexiang Xie , Qi Cao , Fei Sun , Jinyang Gao , Huawei Shen , Bolin Ding

Instructional documents are rich sources of knowledge for completing various tasks, yet their unique challenges in conversational question answering (CQA) have not been thoroughly explored. Existing benchmarks have primarily focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Shiwei Wu , Chen Zhang , Yan Gao , Qimeng Wang , Tong Xu , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Despite demonstrating impressive capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) still often struggle to accurately express the factual knowledge they possess, especially in cases where the LLMs' knowledge boundaries are ambiguous. To improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Boyang Xue , Fei Mi , Qi Zhu , Hongru Wang , Rui Wang , Sheng Wang , Erxin Yu , Xuming Hu , Kam-Fai Wong

Large Language Models appear competent when answering general questions but often fail when pushed into domain-specific details. No existing methodology provides an out-of-the-box solution for measuring how deeply LLMs can sustain accurate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Alexander Sheppert

LLMs have achieved remarkable success in complex reasoning tasks, yet current evaluation approaches predominantly rely on final-answer correctness, offering limited insight into the underlying reasoning processes that produce those answers.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ali Şenol , Garima Agrawal , Huan Liu