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With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), discrete speech representations have become crucial for integrating speech into LLMs. Existing methods for speech representation discretization rely on a predefined codebook size…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Linqin Wang , Yaping Liu , Zhengtao Yu , Shengxiang Gao , Cunli Mao , Yuxin Huang , Wenjun Wang , Ling Dong

Large language model (LLM) based zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) methods tend to preserve the acoustic environment of the audio prompt, leading to degradation in synthesized speech quality when the audio prompt contains noise. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-23 Ye-Xin Lu , Hui-Peng Du , Fei Liu , Yang Ai , Zhen-Hua Ling

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) demonstrate impressive performance across diverse tasks, ranging from speech recognition to general audio understanding. However, their scalability is limited by the quadratic complexity of attention and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Saurabhchand Bhati , Samuel Thomas , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

Code-switching (CS) refers to the phenomenon that languages switch within a speech signal and leads to language confusion for automatic speech recognition (ASR). This paper aims to address language confusion for improving CS-ASR from two…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-27 Hexin Liu , Haihua Xu , Leibny Paola Garcia , Andy W. H. Khong , Yi He , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Current language models (LMs) use a fixed, static subword tokenizer. This default choice typically results in degraded efficiency and language capabilities, especially in languages other than English. To address this issue, we challenge the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Darius Feher , Ivan Vulić , Benjamin Minixhofer

Existing deep learning based speech enhancement mainly employ a data-driven approach, which leverage large amounts of data with a variety of noise types to achieve noise removal from noisy signal. However, the high dependence on the data…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Huaying Xue , Xiulian Peng , Yan Lu

Despite the growing success of Large Speech Language Models (LSLMs) in processing short-term acoustic signals, their extension to long-form audio understanding is severely bottlenecked. This limitation stems from the limited context length…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Haoqin Sun , Chenyang Lyu , Shiwan Zhao , Xuanfan Ni , Xiangyu Kong , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Yong Qin

The goal of multilingual speech technology is to facilitate seamless communication between individuals speaking different languages, creating the experience as though everyone were a multilingual speaker. To create this experience, speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Supriti Sinhamahapatra , Thai-Binh Nguyen , Yiğit Oğuz , Enes Ugan , Jan Niehues , Alexander Waibel

Subword tokenization requires balancing computational efficiency and vocabulary coverage, which often leads to suboptimal performance on languages and scripts not prioritized during training. We propose to augment pretrained language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jonas F. Lotz , Hendra Setiawan , Stephan Peitz , Yova Kementchedjhieva

The multi-codebook speech codec enables the application of large language models (LLM) in TTS but bottlenecks efficiency and robustness due to multi-sequence prediction. To avoid this obstacle, we propose Single-Codec, a single-codebook…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Hanzhao Li , Liumeng Xue , Haohan Guo , Xinfa Zhu , Yuanjun Lv , Lei Xie , Yunlin Chen , Hao Yin , Zhifei Li

The differing representation spaces required for visual understanding and generation pose a challenge in unifying them within the autoregressive paradigm of large language models. A vision tokenizer trained for reconstruction excels at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Wei Song , Yuran Wang , Zijia Song , Yadong Li , Zenan Zhou , Long Chen , Jianhua Xu , Jiaqi Wang , Kaicheng Yu

Quantum error correction requires accurate and efficient decoding to optimally suppress errors in the encoded information. For concatenated codes, where one code is embedded within another, optimal decoding can be achieved using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Basudha Srivastava , Yinzi Xiao , Anton Frisk Kockum , Ben Criger , Mats Granath

Modern machine learning models for audio tasks often exhibit superior performance on English and other well-resourced languages, primarily due to the abundance of available training data. This disparity leads to an unfair performance gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Wesley Bian , Xiaofeng Lin , Guang Cheng

Although semantic communication (SC) has shown its potential in efficiently transmitting multimodal data such as texts, speeches and images, SC for videos has focused primarily on pixel-level reconstruction. However, these SC systems may be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jiangyuan Guo , Wei Chen , Yuxuan Sun , Jialong Xu , Bo Ai

Neural speech codecs are essential for advancing text-to-speech (TTS) systems. With the recent success of large language models in text generation, developing high-quality speech tokenizers has become increasingly important. This paper…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Peijie Chen , Wenhao Guan , Kaidi Wang , Weijie Wu , Hukai Huang , Qingyang Hong , Lin Li

Language models typically tokenize text into subwords, using a deterministic, hand-engineered heuristic of combining characters into longer surface-level strings such as 'ing' or whole words. Recent literature has repeatedly shown the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Avijit Thawani , Saurabh Ghanekar , Xiaoyuan Zhu , Jay Pujara

Neural audio codecs are initially introduced to compress audio data into compact codes to reduce transmission latency. Researchers recently discovered the potential of codecs as suitable tokenizers for converting continuous audio into…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Haibin Wu , Xuanjun Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Kai-wei Chang , Ho-Lam Chung , Alexander H. Liu , Hung-yi Lee

Recent Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems trained on reading or acted corpora have achieved near human-level naturalness. The diversity of human speech, however, often goes beyond the coverage of these corpora. We believe the ability to handle…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-09 Li-Wei Chen , Shinji Watanabe , Alexander Rudnicky

Large language models have been extended to the speech domain, leading to the development of speech large language models (SLLMs). While existing SLLMs demonstrate strong performance in speech instruction-following for core languages (e.g.,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hongfei Xue , Yufeng Tang , Hexin Liu , Jun Zhang , Xuelong Geng , Lei Xie

Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal