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We investigate the fair allocation of indivisible goods to agents with possibly different entitlements represented by weights. Previous work has shown that guarantees for additive valuations with existing envy-based notions cannot be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Luisa Montanari , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin , Warut Suksompong , Nicholas Teh

The problem of dividing resources fairly occurs in many practical situations and is therefore an important topic of study in economics. In this paper, we investigate envy-free divisions in the setting where there are multiple players in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Pasin Manurangsi , Warut Suksompong

We consider a scheduling problem of strategic agents representing jobs of different weights. Each agent has to decide on one of a finite set of identical machines to get their job processed. In contrast to the common and exclusive focus on…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wei-Chen Lee , Martin Bullinger , Alessandro Abate , Michael Wooldridge

The fair division of indivisible goods is not only a subject of theoretical research, but also an important problem in practice, with solutions being offered on several online platforms. Little is known, however, about the characteristics…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Paula Böhm , Robert Bredereck , Paul Gölz , Andrzej Kaczmarczyk , Stanisław Szufa

Ranking items by their probability of relevance has long been the goal of conventional ranking systems. While this maximizes traditional criteria of ranking performance, there is a growing understanding that it is an oversimplification in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Lequn Wang , Thorsten Joachims

In random assignment, fairness is often captured by stochastic-dominance envy-freeness (SD-EF). We observe that assignments satisfying SD-EF may admit decompositions that result in each agent envying another agent with high probability. To…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-22 Yasushi Kawase , Warut Suksompong , Hanna Sumita , Yu Yokoi

We study fair allocation of indivisible items, where the items are furnished with a set of conflicts, and agents are not permitted to receive conflicting items. This kind of constraint captures, for example, participating in events that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Halvard Hummel , Magnus Lie Hetland

We study the classical rent division problem, where $n$ agents must allocate $n$ indivisible rooms and split a fixed total rent $R$. The goal is to compute an envy-free (EF) allocation, where no agent prefers another agent's room and rent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Rohith Reddy Gangam , Shayan Taherijam , Vijay V. Vazirani

This paper re-examines the problem of fairly and efficiently allocating indivisible goods among agents with additive bivalued valuations. Garg and Murhekar (2021) proposed a polynomial-time algorithm that purported to find an EFX and fPO…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Hui Liu , Zhijie Zhang

Envy-freeness is one of the most widely studied notions in fair division. Since envy-free allocations do not always exist when items are indivisible, several relaxations have been considered. Among them, possibly the most compelling concept…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Ryoga Mahara

We propose a notion of fairness for allocation problems in which different agents may have different reservation utilities, stemming from different outside options, or property rights. Fairness is usually understood as the absence of envy,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-05-12 Federico Echenique , Antonio Miralles , Jun Zhang

The classic house allocation problem is primarily concerned with finding a matching between a set of agents and a set of houses that guarantees some notion of economic efficiency (e.g. utilitarian welfare). While recent works have shifted…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Hadi Hosseini , Medha Kumar , Sanjukta Roy

A \emph{fair competition}, based on the concept of envy-freeness, is a non-eliminating competition where each contestant (team or individual player) may not play against all other contestants, but the total difficulty for each contestant is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Siddharth Gupta , Meirav Zehavi

Allocating resources to individuals in a fair manner has been a topic of interest since the ancient times, with most of the early rigorous mathematical work on the problem focusing on infinitely divisible resources. Recently, there has been…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Georgios Amanatidis , Georgios Birmpas , Aris Filos-Ratsikas , Alexandros A. Voudouris

When allocating indivisible items, there are various ways to use monetary transfers for eliminating envy. Particularly, one can apply a balanced vector of transfer payments, or charge each agent a positive amount, or -- contrarily -- give…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Noga Klein Elmalem , Rica Gonen , Erel Segal-Halevi

In fair division of indivisible items, domain restriction has played a key role in escaping from negative results and providing structural insights into the computational and axiomatic boundaries of fairness. One notable subdomain of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Hadi Hosseini , Aghaheybat Mammadov , Tomasz Wąs

We consider the task of assigning indivisible goods to a set of agents in a fair manner. Our notion of fairness is Nash social welfare, i.e., the goal is to maximize the geometric mean of the utilities of the agents. Each good comes in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Bhaskar Chaudhury , Yun Kuen Cheung , Jugal Garg , Naveen Garg , Martin Hoefer , Kurt Mehlhorn

Finding an envy-free allocation of indivisible resources to agents is a central task in many multiagent systems. Often, non-trivial envy-free allocations do not exist, and, when they do, finding them can be computationally hard. Classical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Robert Bredereck , Andrzej Kaczmarczyk , Rolf Niedermeier

In standard fair division models, we assume that all agents are selfish. However, in many scenarios, division of resources has a direct impact on the whole group or even society. Therefore, we study fair allocations of indivisible items…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Argyris Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , Tiger-Lily Goldsmith , Dušan Knop , Šimon Schierreich

We study fair division of indivisible chores among $n$ agents with additive disutility functions. Two well-studied fairness notions for indivisible items are envy-freeness up to one/any item (EF1/EFX) and the standard notion of economic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Hannaneh Akrami , Bhaskar Ray Chaudhury , Jugal Garg , Kurt Mehlhorn , Ruta Mehta