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The recent explosive compute growth, mainly fueled by the boost of AI and DNNs, is currently instigating the demand for a novel computing paradigm that can overcome the insurmountable barriers imposed by conventional electronic computing…

As computing resource demands continue to escalate in the face of big data, cloud-connectivity and the internet of things, it has become imperative to develop new low-power, scalable architectures. Neuromorphic photonics, or photonic neural…

Optimization problems are central to many important cross-disciplinary applications.In their conventional implementations, the sequential nature of operations imposes strict limitations on the computational efficiency. Here, we discuss how…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-10-09 Ghazi Sarwat Syed , Philipp Schmidt , Frank Brückerhoff-Plückelmann , Jelle Dijkstra , Wolfram H. P Pernice , Abu Sebastian

We challenge the current thinking and approach to the design of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for applications in communications, quantum information and sensing. The standard PICs are based on directional couplers, that provide a…

Large-scale generation of quantum entanglement between individually controllable qubits is at the core of quantum computing, communications, and sensing. Modular architectures of remotely-connected quantum technologies have been proposed…

Digital pathology plays a crucial role in the development of artificial intelligence in the medical field. The digital pathology platform can make the pathological resources digital and networked, and realize the permanent storage of visual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Jialun Wu , Anyu Mao , Xinrui Bao , Haichuan Zhang , Zeyu Gao , Chunbao Wang , Tieliang Gong , Chen Li

Nowadays, the number of emerging embedded systems rapidly grows in many application domains, due to recent advances in artificial intelligence and internet of things. The main inherent specification of these application-specific systems is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Mohsen Faryabi , Amir Hossein Moradi

In the pursuit of scalable and fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures, photonic-based quantum computers have emerged as a leading frontier. This article provides a comprehensive overview of advancements in photonic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-13 M. AbuGhanem

The rapid scaling of artificial neural networks has exposed fundamental limitations of conventional von Neumann computing architectures. In these systems, the physical separation between memory and processing creates a bottleneck, as…

Photonic computing chips have made significant progress in accelerating linear computations, but nonlinear computations are usually implemented in the digital domain, which introduces additional system latency and power consumption, and…

Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) offer transformative potential for computing systems, enabling high-bandwidth neuromorphic processors and facilitating low decoherence quantum computing on a chip scale platform. However, the development…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming one of the key technologies of this century. The majority of results in AI thus far have been achieved using deep neural networks trained with a learning algorithm called error…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Tommaso Salvatori , Ankur Mali , Christopher L. Buckley , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Rajesh P. N. Rao , Karl Friston , Alexander Ororbia

Modern problems in high-performance computing, ranging from training and inferencing deep learning models in computer vision and language models to simulating complex physical systems with nonlinearly-coupled equations, require exponential…

This paper introduces the MIP Platform architecture model, a novel AI-based cognitive computing platform architecture. The goal of the proposed application of MIP is to reduce the implementation burden for the usage of AI algorithms applied…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Pasquale Giampa , Massimiliano Dibitonto

Neuromorphic computing seeks to replicate the remarkable efficiency, flexibility, and adaptability of the human brain in artificial systems. Unlike conventional digital approaches, which suffer from the Von Neumann bottleneck and depend on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Marcel van Gerven

Photonic tensor cores (PTCs) are essential building blocks for optical artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators based on programmable photonic integrated circuits. PTCs can achieve ultra-fast and efficient tensor operations for neural…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Jiaqi Gu , Hanqing Zhu , Chenghao Feng , Zixuan Jiang , Mingjie Liu , Shuhan Zhang , Ray T. Chen , David Z. Pan

In-memory computing is an emerging computing paradigm that overcomes the limitations of exiting Von-Neumann computing architectures such as the memory-wall bottleneck. In such paradigm, the computations are performed directly on the data…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Mohammed E. Fouda , Hasan Erdem Yantir , Ahmed M. Eltawil , Fadi Kurdahi

Computational hardware designed to mimic biological neural networks holds the promise to resolve the drastically growing global energy demand of artificial intelligence. A wide variety of hardware concepts have been proposed, and among…

NP-complete problems are widely and deeply involved in various real-life scenarios while still intractable to solve efficiently on conventional computers. It is of great practical significance to construct versatile computing architectures…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-29 Xiao-Yun Xu , Tian-Yu Zhang , Zi-Wei Wang , Chu-Han Wang , Xian-Min Jin

Graph neural networks have emerged as a promising paradigm for image processing, yet their performance in image classification tasks is hindered by a limited consideration of the underlying structure and relationships among visual entities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Usama Zidan , Mohamed Gaber , Mohammed M. Abdelsamea