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We present an architecture-algorithm co-design study of the Optimistic Quantum Fourier Transform (OQFT) under a surface-code fault-tolerant execution model for reconfigurable neutral-atom hardware. Analyzing the OQFT structure, particularly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Pedro L. S. Lopes

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in real-world applications. However, adapting LLMs to novel tasks via fine-tuning often requires substantial training data and computational resources that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Boyan Gao , Xin Wang , Yibo Yang , David Clifton

OpenAI's recent introduction of Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) showcases the potential of reasoning foundation model and offers a new paradigm for fine-tuning beyond simple pattern imitation. This technical report presents \emph{OpenRFT},…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yuxiang Zhang , Yuqi Yang , Jiangming Shu , Yuhang Wang , Jinlin Xiao , Jitao Sang

The quadratic computation complexity of self-attention has been a persistent challenge when applying Transformer models to vision tasks. Linear attention, on the other hand, offers a much more efficient alternative with its linear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Dongchen Han , Xuran Pan , Yizeng Han , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) improves in-domain performance but can degrade out-of-domain (OOD) generalization. Prior work suggests that this degradation is related to changes in dominant singular subspaces of pretrained weight matrices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hangzhan Jin , Tianwei Ni , Lu Li , Pierre-Luc Bacon , Mohammad Hamdaqa , Doina Precup

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large foundation models, leveraging low-rank matrices $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ to represent weight changes (i.e., $\Delta \mathbf{W} = \mathbf{B} \mathbf{A}$). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Aochuan Chen , Jiashun Cheng , Zijing Liu , Ziqi Gao , Fugee Tsung , Yu Li , Jia Li

Foundation models encode rich representations that can be adapted to downstream tasks by fine-tuning. However, fine-tuning a model on one data distribution often degrades performance under distribution shifts. Current approaches to robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Caroline Choi , Yoonho Lee , Annie Chen , Allan Zhou , Aditi Raghunathan , Chelsea Finn

We propose a novel framework for fast integral operations by uncovering hidden geometries in the row and column structures of the underlying operators. This is accomplished through the \texttt{Questionnaire} algorithm, an iterative…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Pei-Chun Su , Ronald R. Coifman

Fine-tuning large pretrained Transformer models can focus on either introducing a small number of new learnable parameters (parameter efficiency) or editing representations of a small number of tokens using lightweight modules…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Chinmay Savadikar , Xi Song , Tianfu Wu

As an efficient alternative to conventional full finetuning, parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) is becoming the prevailing method to adapt pretrained language models. In PEFT, a lightweight module is learned on each dataset while the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jinghan Zhang , Shiqi Chen , Junteng Liu , Junxian He

Training large language models (LLMs) from scratch is increasingly impractical, making post-training methods such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement-learning fine-tuning (RL-FT, e.g., PPO) central to modern practice. Using an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Hangzhan Jin , Sicheng Lv , Sifan Wu , Mohammad Hamdaqa

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various natural language processing tasks. However, the substantial size of LLMs presents significant challenges in training or fine-tuning. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Pengxiang Li , Lu Yin , Xiaowei Gao , Shiwei Liu

Recent developments in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods for pretrained deep neural networks have captured widespread interest. In this work, we study the enhancement of current PEFT methods by incorporating the spectral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

By pretraining on trillions of tokens, an LLM gains the capability of text generation. However, to enhance its utility and reduce potential harm, SFT and alignment are applied sequentially to the pretrained model. Because SFT and alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Zixu Zhu , Xiangbo Mao , Jun Wang , Shiyu Wang , Cheng Wang , Dong Nie , Lingzi Hong

LoRA and its variants have become popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods due to their ability to avoid excessive computational costs. However, an accuracy gap often exists between PEFT methods and full fine-tuning (FT), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haoze He , Juncheng Billy Li , Xuan Jiang , Heather Miller

Tabular Foundation Models (TFMs) have recently shown strong in-context learning capabilities on structured data, achieving zero-shot performance comparable to traditional machine learning methods. We find that zero-shot TFMs already achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Aditya Tanna , Pratinav Seth , Mohamed Bouadi , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

In finetuning a large pretrained model to downstream tasks, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods can effectively finetune pretrained models with few trainable parameters, but suffer from high GPU memory consumption and slow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ningyuan Tang , Minghao Fu , Ke Zhu , Jianxin Wu

Continual fine-tuning aims to adapt a pre-trained backbone to new tasks sequentially while preserving performance on earlier tasks whose data are no longer available. Existing approaches fall into two categories which include input- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hang Thi-Thuy Le , Long Minh Bui , Minh Hoang , Trong Nghia Hoang

In this paper, a computational resources-aware parameter adaptation method for visual-inertial navigation systems is proposed with the goal of enabling the improved deployment of such algorithms on computationally constrained systems. Such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Pranay Mathur , Nikhil Khedekar , Kostas Alexis

Scaling full finetuning of large foundation models strains GPU memory and training time. Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address this issue via adapter modules which update only a small subset of model parameters. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Snehal Raj , Brian Coyle