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In recent years, diffusion models trained on equilibrium molecular distributions have proven effective for sampling biomolecules. Beyond direct sampling, the score of such a model can also be used to derive the forces that act on molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Michael Plainer , Hao Wu , Leon Klein , Stephan Günnemann , Frank Noé

Many biological processes involve numerous coupled degrees of freedom, yet free-energy estimation is often restricted to one-dimensional profiles to mitigate the high computational cost of multidimensional sampling. In this work, we extend…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-12 Daniel Nagel , Tristan Bereau

Brownian dynamics simulations are used to study the detachment of a particle from a substrate. Although the model is simple and generic, we attempt to map its energy, length and time scales onto a specific experimental system, namely a bead…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-08 Emma Hodges , B. M. Cooke , E. M. Sevick , Debra J. Searles , B. Duenweg , J. Ravi Prakash

It is well known that training a denoising score-based diffusion models requires tens of thousands of epochs and a substantial number of image data to train the model. In this paper, we propose to increase the efficiency in training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Andrew S. Na , William Gao , Justin W. L. Wan

Score-based generative models (SGMs) learn a family of noise-conditional score functions corresponding to the data density perturbed with increasingly large amounts of noise. These perturbed data densities are linked together by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Toshimitsu Uesaka , Yuki Mitsufuji , Stefano Ermon

We present a novel simulation-free framework for training continuous-time diffusion processes over very general objective functions. Existing methods typically involve either prescribing the optimal diffusion process -- which only works for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mengjian Hua , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Ricky T. Q. Chen

We address the problem of constructing accurate mathematical models of the dynamics of complex systems projected on a collective variable. To this aim we introduce a conceptually simple yet effective algorithm for estimating the parameters…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-28 Karen Palacio-Rodriguez , Fabio Pietrucci

The diffusion equation is the primary tool to study the movement dynamics of a free Brownian particle, but when spatial heterogeneities in the form of permeable interfaces are present, no fundamental equation has been derived. Here we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-14 Toby Kay , Luca Giuggioli

We consider the mean field Fokker-Planck equation subject to nonlinear no-flux boundary conditions, which necessarily arise when subjecting a system of Brownian particles interacting via a pair potential in a bounded domain. With the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-30 R. D. Mills-Williams , B. D. Goddard , G. A. Pavliotis

Biased sampling in molecular dynamics simulations overcomes timescale limitations and delivers free-energy landscapes, essential to understand complex atomistic phenomena. However, when applied across diverse systems and processes, biasing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-14 Eline K. Kempkes , Alberto Pérez de Alba Ortíz

Passivity-based control (PBC) for port-Hamiltonian systems provides an intuitive way of achieving stabilization by rendering a system passive with respect to a desired storage function. However, in most instances the control law is obtained…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Olivier Sprangers , Gabriel A. D. Lopes , Robert Babuska

Jarzynski's equality [1] allows us to investigate free energy landscapes (FELs) by constructing distributions of work performed on a system from an initial ensemble of states to final states. This work is experimentally measured by…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-05-24 Van Ngo

We analyze the diffusion of a Brownian particle in a fluid under stationary flow. By using the scheme of non-equilibrium thermodynamics in phase space, we obtain the Fokker-Planck equation which is compared with others derived from kinetic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-16 I. Santamaría-Holek , D. Reguera , J. M. Rubí

Free energies are fundamental quantities governing phase behavior and thermodynamic stability in polymer systems, yet their accurate computation often requires extensive simulations and post-processing techniques such as the Bennett…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-19 Ian Chen , Alfredo Alexander-Katz

While score-based generative models are the model of choice across diverse domains, there are limited tools available for controlling inference-time behavior in a principled manner, e.g. for composing multiple pretrained models. Existing…

We demonstrate how the Gaussian process regression approach can be used to efficiently reconstruct free energy surfaces from umbrella sampling simulations. By making a prior assumption of smoothness and taking account of the sampling noise…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-07-25 Thomas Stecher , Noam Bernstein , Gábor Csányi

A key challenge towards reliable robotic control is devising computational models that can both learn policies and guarantee robustness when deployed in the field. Inspired by the free energy principle in computational neuroscience, to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hozefa Jesawada , Giovanni Russo , Abdalla Swikir , Fares Abu-Dakka

While energy-based models (EBMs) exhibit a number of desirable properties, training and sampling on high-dimensional datasets remains challenging. Inspired by recent progress on diffusion probabilistic models, we present a diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ruiqi Gao , Yang Song , Ben Poole , Ying Nian Wu , Diederik P. Kingma

A vast array of phenomena, ranging from chemical reactions to phase transformations, are analysed in terms of a free energy surface defined with respect to a single or multiple order parameters. Enhanced sampling methods are typically used,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-26 Yagyik Goswami , Srikanth Sastry

Although evidence integration to the boundary model has successfully explained a wide range of behavioral and neural data in decision making under uncertainty, how animals learn and optimize the boundary remains unresolved. Here, we propose…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jamal Esmaily , Rani Moran , Yasser Roudi , Bahador Bahrami
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