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Music Emotion Recognition involves the automatic identification of emotional elements within music tracks, and it has garnered significant attention due to its broad applicability in the field of Music Information Retrieval. It can also be…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Kexin Zhu , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Deep learning models have become a critical tool for analysis and classification of musical data. These models operate either on the audio signal, e.g. waveform or spectrogram, or on a symbolic representation, such as MIDI. In the latter,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Léo Géré , Philippe Rigaux , Nicolas Audebert

This study borrows and extends probabilistic language models from natural language processing to discover the syntactic properties of tonal harmony. Language models come in many shapes and sizes, but their central purpose is always the…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-06-25 David R. W. Sears , Filip Korzeniowski , Gerhard Widmer

We investigate the problem of modeling symbolic sequences of polyphonic music in a completely general piano-roll representation. We introduce a probabilistic model based on distribution estimators conditioned on a recurrent neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Nicolas Boulanger-Lewandowski , Yoshua Bengio , Pascal Vincent

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation have enabled visually coherent image synthesis from descriptions, but generating images containing multiple given subjects remains challenging. As the number of reference identities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yucheng Zhou , Dubing Chen , Huan Zheng , Jianbing Shen

Automatic music generation with artificial intelligence typically requires a large amount of data which is hard to obtain for many less common genres and musical instruments. To tackle this issue, we present ongoing work and preliminary…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Li Zhang , Chris Callison-Burch

We present a new approach to harmonic analysis that is trained to segment music into a sequence of chord spans tagged with chord labels. Formulated as a semi-Markov Conditional Random Field (semi-CRF), this joint segmentation and labeling…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-10-29 Kristen Masada , Razvan Bunescu

We present MIDI-LLM, an LLM for generating multitrack MIDI music from free-form text prompts. Our approach expands a text LLM's vocabulary to include MIDI tokens, and uses a two-stage training recipe to endow text-to-MIDI abilities. By…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Shih-Lun Wu , Yoon Kim , Cheng-Zhi Anna Huang

Musical mode is one of the most critical element that establishes the framework of pitch organization and determines the harmonic relationships. Previous works often use the simplistic and rigid alignment method, and overlook the diversity…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Qian Liang , Yi Zeng , Menghaoran Tang

Lyrics-to-melody generation is an interesting and challenging topic in AI music research field. Due to the difficulty of learning the correlations between lyrics and melody, previous methods suffer from low generation quality and lack of…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Zhe Zhang , Yi Yu , Atsuhiro Takasu

Music captioning, or the task of generating a natural language description of music, is useful for both music understanding and controllable music generation. Training captioning models, however, typically requires high-quality music…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Irmak Bukey , Zhepei Wang , Chris Donahue , Nicholas J. Bryan

Enhancing the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to interpret sheet music is a crucial step toward building AI musicians. However, current research lacks both evaluation benchmarks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zhilin Wang , Zhe Yang , Yun Luo , Yafu Li , Xiaoye Qu , Ziqian Qiao , Haoran Zhang , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Jizhe Zhou , Yu Cheng

Discovering and exploring the underlying structure of multi-instrumental music using learning-based approaches remains an open problem. We extend the recent MusicVAE model to represent multitrack polyphonic measures as vectors in a latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-04 Ian Simon , Adam Roberts , Colin Raffel , Jesse Engel , Curtis Hawthorne , Douglas Eck

In this paper, we introduce new methods and discuss results of text-based LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) networks for automatic music composition. The proposed network is designed to learn relationships within text documents that represent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Keunwoo Choi , George Fazekas , Mark Sandler

Generative statistical models of chord sequences play crucial roles in music processing. To capture syntactic similarities among certain chords (e.g. in C major key, between G and G7 and between F and Dm), we study hidden Markov models and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Hiroaki Tsushima , Eita Nakamura , Katsutoshi Itoyama , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

Existing work in automatic music generation has mostly focused on end-to-end systems that generate either entire compositions or continuations of pieces, which are difficult for composers to iterate on. The area of computer-assisted…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Christian Zhou-Zheng , Philippe Pasquier

With recent breakthroughs in artificial neural networks, deep generative models have become one of the leading techniques for computational creativity. Despite very promising progress on image and short sequence generation, symbolic music…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Ke Chen , Weilin Zhang , Shlomo Dubnov , Gus Xia , Wei Li

Symbolic music understanding, which refers to the understanding of music from the symbolic data (e.g., MIDI format, but not audio), covers many music applications such as genre classification, emotion classification, and music pieces…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Mingliang Zeng , Xu Tan , Rui Wang , Zeqian Ju , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu

At present, neural network models show powerful sequence prediction ability and are used in many automatic composition models. In comparison, the way humans compose music is very different from it. Composers usually start by creating…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yutian Wang , Wanyin Yang , Zhenrong Dai , Yilong Zhang , Kun Zhao , Hui Wang

In this work, we present a novel method for music emotion recognition that leverages Large Language Model (LLM) embeddings for label alignment across multiple datasets and zero-shot prediction on novel categories. First, we compute LLM…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Renhang Liu , Abhinaba Roy , Dorien Herremans