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One of the major challenges we face with ethical AI today is developing computational systems whose reasoning and behaviour are provably aligned with human values. Human values, however, are notorious for being ambiguous, contradictory and…
Most research on intelligent agents centers on the agent and not on the user. We look at the origins of agent-centric research for slot-filling, gaming and chatbot agents. We then argue that it is important to concentrate more on the user.…
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), machines are increasingly evolving into intelligent agents, and the human-machine relationship is shifting from traditional "human-computer interaction" toward a new paradigm of…
In recent years, the field of explainable AI (XAI) has produced a vast collection of algorithms, providing a useful toolbox for researchers and practitioners to build XAI applications. With the rich application opportunities, explainability…
Researchers are increasingly subjecting artificial intelligence systems to psychological testing. But to rigorously compare their cognitive capacities with humans and other animals, we must avoid both over- and under-stating our…
Participatory approaches to artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are gaining momentum: the increased attention comes partly with the view that participation opens the gateway to an inclusive, equitable, robust, responsible…
AI-based systems have been used widely across various industries for different decisions ranging from operational decisions to tactical and strategic ones in low- and high-stakes contexts. Gradually the weaknesses and issues of these…
Prevailing methods for assessing and comparing generative AIs incentivize responses that serve a hypothetical representative individual. Evaluating models in these terms presumes homogeneous preferences across the population and engenders…
As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more powerful and widespread, the AI alignment problem - how to ensure that AI systems pursue the goals that we want them to pursue - has garnered growing attention. This article distinguishes two…
Modern social robots can be considered the descendants of steam engines from the First Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0) and industrial robotic arms from the Third Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0). As some time has passed since the introduction…
Humans rely more and more on systems with AI components. The AI community typically treats human inputs as a given and optimizes AI models only. This thinking is one-sided and it neglects the fact that humans can learn, too. In this work,…
With the growing adoption of AI systems, reasoning about how society can exert control over AI becomes an increasingly urgent problem. Existing work on democratic control largely focuses on macro-level governance. In contrast, we propose a…
With the overwhelming advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), brain science and neuroscience, robots are developing towards a direction of much more human-like and human-friendly. We can't help but wonder whether robots could be regarded…
As the paradigm of Human-Centered AI (HCAI) gains prominence, its benefits to society are accompanied by significant ethical concerns, one of which is the protection of individual privacy. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of…
AI systems are becoming increasingly complex, ubiquitous and autonomous, leading to increasing concerns about their impacts on individuals and society. In response, researchers have begun investigating how to ensure that the methods…
With recent advancements in AI and computation tools, intelligent paradigms emerged to empower different fields such as healthcare robots with new capabilities. Advanced AI robotic algorithms (e.g., reinforcement learning) can be trained…
Defining artificial intelligence (AI) is a persistent challenge, often muddied by technical ambiguity and varying interpretations. Commonly used definitions heavily emphasize technical properties of AI but neglect the human purpose of it.…
The idea of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a long history. It turned out, however, that reaching intelligence at human levels is more complicated than originally anticipated. Currently we are experiencing a renewed interest in AI, fueled…
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies proliferate, concern has centered around the long-term dangers of job loss or threats of machines causing harm to humans. All of this concern, however, detracts from the more pertinent and…
Although AI has become increasingly smart, its wisdom has not kept pace. In this article, we examine what is known about human wisdom and sketch a vision of its AI counterpart. We analyze human wisdom as a set of strategies for solving…