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To create usable and deployable Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, there requires a level of assurance in performance under many different conditions. Many times, deployed machine learning systems will require more classic logic and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Luke E. Richards , Jessie Yaros , Jasen Babcock , Coung Ly , Robin Cosbey , Timothy Doster , Cynthia Matuszek

The last decades have seen a drastic improvement of Machine Learning (ML), mainly driven by Deep Learning (DL). However, despite the resounding successes of ML in many domains, the impossibility to provide guarantees of conformity and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Arthur Ledaguenel , Céline Hudelot , Mostepha Khouadjia

We contribute a theoretical and operational framework for neurosymbolic AI called DeepLog. DeepLog introduces building blocks and primitives for neurosymbolic AI that make abstraction of commonly used representations and computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Vincent Derkinderen , Robin Manhaeve , Rik Adriaensen , Lucas Van Praet , Lennert De Smet , Giuseppe Marra , Luc De Raedt

Neuro-symbolic learning generally consists of two separated worlds, i.e., neural network training and symbolic constraint solving, whose success hinges on symbol grounding, a fundamental problem in AI. This paper presents a novel, softened…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Taolue Chen , Jingwei Xu , Chun Cao , Xiaoxing Ma , Jian Lü

We propose a learning architecture that allows symbolic control and guidance in reinforcement learning with deep neural networks. We introduce SymDQN, a novel modular approach that augments the existing Dueling Deep Q-Networks (DuelDQN)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Ivo Amador , Nina Gierasimczuk

Learning neural program embeddings is key to utilizing deep neural networks in program languages research --- precise and efficient program representations enable the application of deep models to a wide range of program analysis tasks.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Ke Wang , Zhendong Su

Feature selection aims to identify the optimal feature subset for enhancing downstream models. Effective feature selection can remove redundant features, save computational resources, accelerate the model learning process, and improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Nanxu Gong , Wangyang Ying , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

We develop a general approach to distill symbolic representations of a learned deep model by introducing strong inductive biases. We focus on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). The technique works as follows: we first encourage sparse latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Miles Cranmer , Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez , Peter Battaglia , Rui Xu , Kyle Cranmer , David Spergel , Shirley Ho

Mathematical reasoning recently has been shown as a hard challenge for neural systems. Abilities including expression translation, logical reasoning, and mathematics knowledge acquiring appear to be essential to overcome the challenge. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yangyang Hu , Yang Yu

Deep neural networks ( DNNs ) are becoming a key enabling technology for many application domains. However, on-device inference on battery-powered, resource-constrained embedding systems is often infeasible due to prohibitively long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Vicent Sanz Marco , Ben Taylor , Zheng Wang , Yehia Elkhatib

Continuous representations of logic formulae allow us to integrate symbolic knowledge into data-driven learning algorithms. If such embeddings are semantically consistent, i.e. if similar specifications are mapped into nearby vectors, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Sara Candussio , Gaia Saveri , Gabriele Sarti , Luca Bortolussi

Probabilistic neurosymbolic learning seeks to integrate neural networks with symbolic programming. Many state-of-the-art systems rely on a reduction to the Probabilistic Weighted Model Counting Problem (PWMC), which requires computing a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Thomas Jean-Michel Valentin , Luisa Sophie Werner , Pierre Genevès , Nabil Layaïda

Neuro-Symbolic (NeSy) integration combines symbolic reasoning with Neural Networks (NNs) for tasks requiring perception and reasoning. Most NeSy systems rely on continuous relaxation of logical knowledge, and no discrete decisions are made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Alessandro Daniele , Tommaso Campari , Sagar Malhotra , Luciano Serafini

We present a neurosymbolic framework for the lifelong learning of algorithmic tasks that mix perception and procedural reasoning. Reusing high-level concepts across domains and learning complex procedures are key challenges in lifelong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Lazar Valkov , Dipak Chaudhari , Akash Srivastava , Charles Sutton , Swarat Chaudhuri

Deep neural networks (DNNs) excel on fixed datasets but struggle with incremental and shifting data in real-world scenarios. Continual learning addresses this challenge by allowing models to learn from new data while retaining previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Lu Yu , Zhe Tao , Dipam Goswami , Hantao Yao , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Joost Van de Weijer , Changsheng Xu

The unification of low-level perception and high-level reasoning is a long-standing problem in artificial intelligence, which has the potential to not only bring the areas of logic and learning closer together but also demonstrate how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Anton Fuxjaeger , Vaishak Belle

Deep learning architectures based on convolutional neural networks tend to rely on continuous, smooth features. While this characteristics provides significant robustness and proves useful in many real-world tasks, it is strikingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zuzanna Buchnajzer , Kacper Dobek , Stanisław Hapke , Daniel Jankowski , Krzysztof Krawiec

Neural-symbolic methods have demonstrated efficiency in enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, existing methods mainly rely on syntactically mapping natural languages to complete formal languages like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yiming Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Pei Zhang , Baosong Yang , Rui Wang

Robots and autonomous systems require an understanding of complex events (CEs) from sensor data to interact with their environments and humans effectively. Traditional end-to-end neural architectures, despite processing sensor data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Liying Han , Mani B. Srivastava

Despite their linguistic competence, Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to reason reliably and flexibly. To identify these shortcomings, we introduce the Non-Linear Reasoning (NLR) dataset, a collection of 55 unique, hand-designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Steven T. Piantadosi