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Long-form generation has become a critical and challenging application for Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing studies are limited by their reliance on scarce, high-quality long-form response data and their focus on coarse-grained,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Jianghao Chen , Wei Sun , Qixiang Yin , Zhixing Tan , Jiajun Zhang

Many organisms and cell types, from bacteria to cancer cells, exhibit a remarkable ability to adapt to fluctuating environments. Additionally, cells can leverage a memory of past environments to better survive previously-encountered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Josiah C. Kratz , Jacob Adamczyk

Contrastive Learning (CL) has recently emerged as a powerful technique in recommendation systems, particularly for its capability to harness self-supervised signals from perturbed views to mitigate the persistent challenge of data sparsity.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zheyu Chen , Jinfeng Xu , Yutong Wei , Ziyue Peng

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a goal-oriented learning solution that has proven to be successful for Neural Architecture Search (NAS) on the CIFAR and ImageNet datasets. However, a limitation of this approach is its high computational…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-04 J. Gomez Robles , J. Vanschoren

Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) has emerged as a popular unsupervised graph representation learning method. However, it has been shown that GCL is vulnerable to adversarial attacks on both the graph structure and node attributes. Although…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Minhua Lin , Teng Xiao , Enyan Dai , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising direction for training agents that are capable of solving multiple tasks and reach a diverse set of objectives. How to \textit{specify} and \textit{ground} these goals in such a…

Manipulating articulated tools, such as tweezers or scissors, has rarely been explored in previous research. Unlike rigid tools, articulated tools change their shape dynamically, creating unique challenges for dexterous robotic hands. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Wei Xu , Yanchao Zhao , Weichao Guo , Xinjun Sheng

We introduce a reinforcement learning (RL) based adaptive optimization algorithm for aerodynamic shape optimization focused on dimensionality reduction. The form in which RL is applied here is that of a surrogate-based, actor-critic policy…

Session-based recommendation systems(SBRS) are more suitable for the current e-commerce and streaming media recommendation scenarios and thus have become a hot topic. The data encountered by SBRS is typically highly sparse, which also…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Zihan Wang , Gang Wu , Haotong Wang

Process control is widely discussed in the manufacturing process, especially for semiconductor manufacturing. Due to unavoidable disturbances in manufacturing, different process controllers are proposed to realize variation reduction. Since…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-25 Yanrong Li , Juan Du , Wei Jiang

We show that cluster expansions (CE), previously used to model solid-state materials with binary or ternary configurational disorder, can be extended to the protein design problem. We present a generalized CE framework, in which properties…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-11-17 Fei Zhou , Gevorg Grigoryan , Steve R. Lustig , Amy E. Keating , Gerbrand Ceder , Dane Morgan

Coarse-grained (CG) models facilitate an efficient exploration of complex systems by reducing the unnecessary degrees of freedom of the fine-grained (FG) system while recapitulating major structural correlations. Unlike structural…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Jaehyeok Jin , Kenneth S. Schweizer , Gregory A. Voth

Graph Representation Learning (GRL) has experienced significant progress as a means to extract structural information in a meaningful way for subsequent learning tasks. Current approaches including shallow embeddings and Graph Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Antonia Gogoglou , C. Bayan Bruss , Brian Nguyen , Reza Sarshogh , Keegan E. Hines

Recently, reinforcement learning models have achieved great success, mastering complex tasks such as Go and other games with higher scores than human players. Many of these models store considerable data on the tasks and achieve high…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Hanten Chang , Katsuya Futagami

This paper addresses the problem of visual feature representation learning with an aim to improve the performance of end-to-end reinforcement learning (RL) models. Specifically, a novel architecture is proposed that uses a heterogeneous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Darshita Jain , Anima Majumder , Samrat Dutta , Swagat Kumar

Parameterised quantum circuit (PQC) based Quantum Reinforcement Learning (QRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm at the intersection of quantum computing and reinforcement learning (RL). By design, PQCs create hybrid quantum-classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Javier Lazaro , Juan-Ignacio Vazquez , Pablo Garcia-Bringas

Advanced manufacturing (AM) technologies, such as nanoscale additive manufacturing process, enable the fabrication of nanoscale architected materials which has received great attention due to their prominent properties. However, few studies…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-04-08 Rui Dai , Dawei Li , Yunlong Tang

Weak Lensing (WL) surveys are reaching unprecedented depths, enabling the investigation of very small angular scales. At these scales, nonlinear gravitational effects lead to higher-order correlations making the matter distribution highly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-01 Divij Sharma , Biwei Dai , Uros Seljak

We derive and introduce anisotropic effective pair potentials to coarse-grain solutions of semiflexible rings polymers of various lengths. The system has been recently investigated by means of full monomer-resolved computer simulations,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-21 Peter Poier , Christos N. Likos , Angel J. Moreno , Ronald Blaak

The development of coarse-grained (CG) molecular models typically requires a time-consuming iterative tuning of parameters in order to have the approximated CG models behaving correctly and consistently with, e.g., available…