Related papers: On generalised Pythagorean triples over number fie…

We introduce a new class of generalised quadratic forms over totally real number fields, which is rich enough to capture the arithmetic of arbitrary systems of quadrics over the rational numbers. We explore this connection through a version…

As a generalization of polyominoes we consider edge-to-edge connected nonoverlapping unions of regular $k$-gons. For $n\le 4$ we determine formulas for the number $a_k(n)$ of generalized polyominoes consisting of $n$ regular $k$-gons.…

Let $K = \mathbb{F}_p(z_1, \ldots, z_r)$ be a finitely generated field over $\mathbb{F}_p$. In this article we study the generalized Catalan equation $ax^m + by^n = 1$ in $x, y \in K$ and integers $m, n > 1$ coprime with $p$. Our main…

Suppose that P is an infinite set of primes such that P = A + B + C, where A,B,C are sets with at least two elements. We show that if P(x) > c x/log^d x (where P(x) = the number of elements of P that are <= x), and if A,B,C is a "regular"…

We consider the generalized Fermat equation (*) $x^2 + y^3 = z^{25}$. Using the known parameterization of the primitive integral solutions to $x^2 + y^3 = z^5$ (due to Edwards), we reduce the solution of (*) to the solution of five specific…

It is shown that Pythagorean triples can be used to generate matrices that have integer eigenvalues for all permutations of their coefficients, via simple formulas. For example, each and every permutation of the $2\times2$ matrix…

For every $n \geq 2$ we determine the asymptotic formula for the number of integer triples $(a,b,c)$ of bounded absolute value such that the generalised Fermat equation given by $ax^n+by^n+cz^n=0$ is everywhere locally soluble. We compute…

Polytope numbers for a polytope are a sequence of nonnegative integers that are defined by the facial information of a polytope. Every polygon is triangulable and a higher dimensional analogue of this fact states that every polytope is…

Using the modular method, we study solutions to the Diophantine equation $$Aa^p+Bb^p=Cc^2$$ over number fields. We first prove an asymptotic result for general number fields satisfying an appropriate $S$-unit condition by assuming some…

By an $abc$ triple, we mean a triple $(a,b,c)$ of relatively prime positive integers $a,b,$ and $c$ such that $a+b=c$ and $\operatorname{rad}(abc)<c$, where $\operatorname{rad}(n)$ denotes the product of the distinct prime factors of $n$.…

In Euclidean geometry, the Pythagorean theorem is presented as an equation involving three squares. This paper explores how analogous expressions may be identified in spherical and hyperbolic geometries.

We prove that the Pythagoras number of the ring of integers of the compositum of all real quadratic fields is infinite. The same holds for certain infinite totally real cyclotomic fields. In contrast, we construct infinite degree totally…

We construct a word-theoretic framework for generalized Markov numbers, that is, positive integers appearing in positive integer solutions of the generalized Markov equation $x^2+y^2+z^2+k_1yz+k_2zx+k_3xy=(3+k_1+k_2+k_3)xyz$. For each…

If G is a group with a presentation of the form < x,y|x^3=y^5=W(x,y)^2=1 >, then either G is virtually soluble or G contains a free subgroup of rank 2. This provides additional evidence in favour of a conjecture of Rosenberger.

In this paper we consider $N$, the number of solutions $(x,y,u,v)$ to the equation $ (-1)^u r a^x + (-1)^v s b^y = c$ in nonnegative integers $x, y$ and integers $u, v \in \{0,1\}$, for given integers $a>1$, $b>1$, $c>0$, $r>0$ and $s>0$.…

Let $m\geq -1$ be an integer. We give a correspondence between integer solutions to the parametric family of cubic Thue equations \[ X^3-mX^2Y-(m+3)XY^2-Y^3=\lambda \] where $\lambda>0$ is a divisor of $m^2+3m+9$ and isomorphism classes of…

The paper deals with a problem of Additive Combinatorics. Let ${\mathbf G}$ be a finite abelian group of order $N$. We prove that the number of subset triples $A,B,C\subset {\mathbf G}$ such that for any $x\in A$, $y\in B$ and $z\in C$ one…

There are four characteristic circles for each triangle on a plane. All for are tangential to the three straight lines containing the triangles' three sides. Three are exterior circles, the fourth is the in-circle. When the triangle is…

This thesis is devoted to the study of abelian automorphism groups of surfaces and $3$-folds of general type over complex number field $\Bbb C$. We obtain a linear bound in $K^3$ for abelian automorphism groups of $3$-folds of general type…

Let $G$ be a simple linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p \geqslant 0$, let $H$ be a proper closed subgroup of $G$ and let $V$ be a nontrivial finite dimensional irreducible rational $KG$-module.…