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Digital tool-based agents, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), that invoke external Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) often rely on documentation to understand API functionality. However, such documentation is frequently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Bhrij Patel , Ashish Jagmohan , Aditya Vempaty

Large language models (LLMs) have evolved into interactive agents that collaborate with users in real-world tasks. Effective collaboration in such settings increasingly depends on understanding the user beyond what is explicitly stated, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuxin Chen , Yi Zhang , Zhengzhou Cai , Yaorui Shi , Zhiyuan Yao , Chenhang Cui , Jingnan Zheng , Yaqi Huo , Xi Su , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Automating the translation of natural-language specifications into logic programs is a challenging task that affects neurosymbolic engineering. We present ASP-Bench, a benchmark comprising 128 natural language problem instances, 64 base…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Stefan Szeider

Rigorous security-focused evaluation of large language model (LLM) agents is imperative for establishing trust in their safe deployment throughout the software development lifecycle. However, existing benchmarks largely rely on synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Hwiwon Lee , Ziqi Zhang , Hanxiao Lu , Lingming Zhang

Large Action Models (LAMs) for AI Agents offer incredible potential but face challenges due to the need for high-quality training data, especially for multi-steps tasks that involve planning, executing tool calls, and responding to…

APIs play a pivotal role in modern software development by enabling seamless communication and integration between various systems, applications, and services. Component-based API synthesis is a form of program synthesis that constructs an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Hua Zhong , Shan Jiang , Sarfraz Khurshid

The automatic generation of Verilog code using Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered significant interest in hardware design automation. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs in Verilog generation fall short in replicating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Pengwei Jin , Di Huang , Chongxiao Li , Shuyao Cheng , Yang Zhao , Xinyao Zheng , Jiaguo Zhu , Shuyi Xing , Bohan Dou , Rui Zhang , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Xing Hu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to both research and daily operations, rigorous evaluation is crucial. This assessment is important not only for individual tasks but also for understanding their societal impact and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Kari Systä , Pekka Abrahamsson

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs), AI assistants' ability to utilize tools, especially through API calls, has advanced notably. This progress has necessitated more accurate evaluation methods. Many existing studies adopt static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Honglin Mu , Yang Xu , Yunlong Feng , Xiaofeng Han , Yitong Li , Yutai Hou , Wanxiang Che

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in complex reasoning and tool-based decision making, motivating their application to real-world supply chain management. However, supply chain workflows require reliable long-horizon,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shengyue Guan , Yihao Liu , Lang Cao

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Recent advances in code agents have enabled automated software development at the project level, supported by large language models (LLMs). However, existing benchmarks for code agent evaluation face two major limitations. First, creating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lingyue Fu , Bolun Zhang , Hao Guan , Yaoming Zhu , Lin Qiu , Weiwen Liu , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool in advancing the Text-to-SQL task, significantly outperforming traditional methods.Nevertheless, as a nascent research field, there is still no consensus on the optimal prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Bin Zhang , Yuxiao Ye , Guoqing Du , Xiaoru Hu , Zhishuai Li , Chi Harold Liu , Zhiwei Xu , Guoliang Fan , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li , Hangyu Mao

Large language models (LLMs) combined with tool learning have gained impressive results in real-world applications. During tool learning, LLMs may call multiple tools in nested orders, where the latter tool call may take the former response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Han Han , Tong Zhu , Xiang Zhang , Mengsong Wu , Hao Xiong , Wenliang Chen

Vehicle API testing verifies whether the interactions between a vehicle's internal systems and external applications meet expectations, ensuring that users can access and control various vehicle functions and data. However, this task is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Shuai Wang , Yinan Yu , Robert Feldt , Dhasarathy Parthasarathy

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, the need for up-to-date and well-organized benchmarks becomes increasingly critical. However, many existing datasets are scattered, difficult to manage, and make it challenging to perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Eunsu Kim , Haneul Yoo , Guijin Son , Hitesh Patel , Amit Agarwal , Alice Oh

With the advancement of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and coding agents, the website development has shifted from manual programming to agent-based project-level code synthesis. Existing benchmarks rely on idealized assumptions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Qiyao Wang , Haoran Hu , Longze Chen , Hongbo Wang , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Yuan Lin , Min Yang

Recent advances in language model (LM) agents and function calling have enabled autonomous, feedback-driven systems to solve problems across various digital domains. To better understand the unique limitations of LM agents, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Dhruv Gautam , Spandan Garg , Jinu Jang , Neel Sundaresan , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is emerging as a standard interface through which large language model (LLM) agents discover and invoke external tools. However, existing MCP evaluations fall short along three key axes: realistic multi-step…

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a powerful paradigm for non-monotonic reasoning. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in logical reasoning. Despite this potential, current evaluations of LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Lin Ren , Guohui Xiao , Guilin Qi , Yishuai Geng , Haohan Xue