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The widespread availability of complex time series data in various domains such as environmental science, epidemiology, and economics demands robust causal discovery methods that can identify intricate contemporaneous and lagged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Omar Faruque , Sahara Ali , Xue Zheng , Jianwu Wang

Time series data often contain latent temporal structure, transitions between locally stationary regimes, repeated motifs, and bursts of variability, that are rarely leveraged in standard representation learning pipelines. Existing models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Disharee Bhowmick , Ranjith Ramanathan , Sathyanarayanan N. Aakur

The Extended Long Short-Term Memory (xLSTM) network has demonstrated strong capability in modeling complex long-term dependencies in time series data. Despite its success, the deterministic architecture of xLSTM limits its representational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zihao Wang , Yunjie Li , Lingmin Zan , Zheng Gong , Mengtao Zhu

Causal inference from observational data is an ambitious but highly relevant task, with diverse applications ranging from natural to social sciences. Within the scope of nonparametric time series, causal inference defined through…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-22 Shu Li , Jan Ernest , Peter Bühlmann

Explosive growth in spatio-temporal data and its wide range of applications have attracted increasing interests of researchers in the statistical and machine learning fields. The spatio-temporal regression problem is of paramount importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Aniruddha Rajendra Rao , Qiyao Wang , Haiyan Wang , Hamed Khorasgani , Chetan Gupta

Spatio-temporal (ST) prediction is an important and widely used technique in data mining and analytics, especially for ST data in urban systems such as transportation data. In practice, the ST data generation is usually influenced by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Jiahao Ji , Jingyuan Wang , Yu Mou , Cheng Long

Accurate forecasting of spatiotemporal data remains challenging due to complex spatial dependencies and temporal dynamics. The inherent uncertainty and variability in such data often render deterministic models insufficient, prompting a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Mingze Gong , Lei Chen , Jia Li

Spatio-temporal forecasting is crucial in transportation, logistics, and supply chain management. However, current methods struggle with large, complex datasets. We propose a dynamic, multi-modal approach that integrates the strengths of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Sagar Srinivas Sakhinana , Geethan Sannidhi , Chidaksh Ravuru , Venkataramana Runkana

Time series forecasting has seen considerable improvement during the last years, with transformer models and large language models driving advancements of the state of the art. Modern forecasting models are generally opaque and do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tim Kreuzer , Jelena Zdravkovic , Panagiotis Papapetrou

I propose a novel framework that integrates stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with deep generative models to improve uncertainty quantification in machine learning applications involving structured and temporal data. This approach,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-09 James Rice

A functional time series approach is proposed for investigating spatial correlation in daily maximum temperature forecast errors for 111 cities spread across the U.S. The modelling of spatial correlation is most fruitful for longer forecast…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-23 Phillip A. Jang , David S. Matteson

Traffic data exhibits complex temporal, spatial, and spatial-temporal correlations. Most of models use either independent modules to separately extract temporal and spatial correlations or joint modules to synchronously extract them,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Kai Hu , Zhidan Zhao , Zhifeng Hao

As cyber-physical systems grow increasingly interconnected and spatially distributed, ensuring their resilience against evolving cyberattacks has become a critical priority. Spatio-Temporal Anomaly detection plays an important role in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Arun Vignesh Malarkkan , Haoyue Bai , Xinyuan Wang , Anjali Kaushik , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

Accurate and reliable forecasting of epidemic incidences is critical for public health preparedness, yet it remains a challenging task due to complex nonlinear temporal dependencies and heterogeneous spatial interactions. Often, point…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-10 Rajdeep Pathak , Tanujit Chakraborty

Scholars from diverse fields increasingly rely on high-frequency spatio-temporal data. Yet, causal inference with these data remains challenging due to spatial spillover and temporal carryover effects. We develop methods to estimate…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-03 Lingxiao Zhou , Kosuke Imai , Jason Lyall , Georgia Papadogeorgou

Traffic forecasting is an important application of spatiotemporal series prediction. Among different methods, graph neural networks have achieved so far the most promising results, learning relations between graph nodes then becomes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Ting Gao , Rodrigo Kappes Marques , Lei Yu

Deep learning has been actively studied for time series forecasting, and the mainstream paradigm is based on the end-to-end training of neural network architectures, ranging from classical LSTM/RNNs to more recent TCNs and Transformers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Gerald Woo , Chenghao Liu , Doyen Sahoo , Akshat Kumar , Steven Hoi

Spatio-temporal graph neural networks (STGNN) have emerged as the dominant model for spatio-temporal graph (STG) forecasting. Despite their success, they fail to model intrinsic uncertainties within STG data, which cripples their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Haomin Wen , Youfang Lin , Yutong Xia , Huaiyu Wan , Qingsong Wen , Roger Zimmermann , Yuxuan Liang

Against the backdrop of ongoing carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, accurate prediction of enterprise carbon emission trends constitutes an essential foundation for energy structure optimization and low-carbon transformation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zitao Hong , Zhen Peng , Xueping Liu

Causal discovery is the subfield of causal inference concerned with estimating the structure of cause-and-effect relationships in a system of interrelated variables, as opposed to quantifying the strength or describing the form of causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-26 Rebecca F. Supple , Hannah Worthington , Ben Swallow