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Incorporating prior data into online reinforcement learning accelerates training but typically forces a difficult trade-off between high computational costs and long, multi-stage training pipelines. While fixed-length stabilization phases…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Carlo Romeo , Girolamo Macaluso , Alessandro Sestini , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Off-policy evaluation and learning (OPE/L) use offline observational data to make better decisions, which is crucial in applications where online experimentation is limited. However, depending entirely on logged data, OPE/L is sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Nathan Kallus , Xiaojie Mao , Kaiwen Wang , Zhengyuan Zhou

One of the main challenges in offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) is the distribution shift that arises from the learned policy deviating from the data collection policy. This is often addressed by avoiding out-of-distribution (OOD) actions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Daiki E. Matsunaga , Jongmin Lee , Jaeseok Yoon , Stefanos Leonardos , Pieter Abbeel , Kee-Eung Kim

Studying how to fine-tune offline reinforcement learning (RL) pre-trained policy is profoundly significant for enhancing the sample efficiency of RL algorithms. However, directly fine-tuning pre-trained policies often results in sub-optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Ziqi Zhang , Xiao Xiong , Zifeng Zhuang , Jinxin Liu , Donglin Wang

Offline imitation learning (IL) refers to learning expert behavior solely from demonstrations, without any additional interaction with the environment. Despite significant advances in offline IL, existing techniques find it challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Abhinav Jain , Vaibhav Unhelkar

While Distributional Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods have demonstrated strong performance in online settings, its success in offline scenarios remains limited. We hypothesize that a key limitation of existing offline DRL methods lies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Ryo Iwaki , Takayuki Osogami

The problem of Offline Policy Evaluation (OPE) in Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a critical step towards applying RL in real-life applications. Existing work on OPE mostly focus on evaluating a fixed target policy $\pi$, which does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Ming Yin , Yu Bai , Yu-Xiang Wang

Offline imitation learning (IL) promises the ability to learn performant policies from pre-collected demonstrations without interactions with the environment. However, imitating behaviors fully offline typically requires numerous expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Lantao Yu , Tianhe Yu , Jiaming Song , Willie Neiswanger , Stefano Ermon

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn a policy that maximizes the expected return using a given static dataset of transitions. However, offline RL faces the distribution shift problem. The policy constraint offline RL method is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuanhao Chen , Qi Liu , Pengbin Chen , Zhongjian Qiao , Yanjie Li

When applying offline reinforcement learning (RL) in healthcare scenarios, the out-of-distribution (OOD) issues pose significant risks, as inappropriate generalization beyond clinical expertise can result in potentially harmful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Runze Yan , Xun Shen , Akifumi Wachi , Sebastien Gros , Anni Zhao , Xiao Hu

We investigate reinforcement learning (RL) in the presence of distributional mismatch between training and deployment, where policies trained in simulators often underperform in practice due to mismatches between training and deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Debamita Ghosh , George K. Atia , Yue Wang

One of the main challenges in reinforcement learning (RL) is that the agent has to make decisions that would influence the future performance without having complete knowledge of the environment. Dynamically adjusting the level of epistemic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yupeng Wu , Wenyun Li , Wenjie Huang , Chin Pang Ho

Offline-to-online reinforcement learning (O2O RL) faces a central challenge between retaining offline conservatism and adapting to online feedback under distribution shift. This challenge arises because data behavior evolves during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Lipeng Zu , Yu Qian , Shayok Chakraborty , Xiaonan Zhang

With the ability to learn from static datasets, Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) emerges as a compelling avenue for real-world applications. However, state-of-the-art offline RL algorithms perform sub-optimally when confronted with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Briti Gangopadhyay , Zhao Wang , Jia-Fong Yeh , Shingo Takamatsu

This work studies reinforcement learning (RL) in the context of multi-period supply chains subject to constraints, e.g., on production and inventory. We introduce Distributional Constrained Policy Optimization (DCPO), a novel approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Jaime Sabal Bermúdez , Antonio del Rio Chanona , Calvin Tsay

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to optimize a policy using collected data without online interactions. Model-based approaches are particularly appealing for addressing offline RL challenges because of their capability to mitigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hao Li , Xiao-Hu Zhou , Shu-Hai Li , Mei-Jiang Gui , Xiao-Liang Xie , Shi-Qi Liu , Shuang-Yi Wang , Zhen-Qiu Feng , Zeng-Guang Hou

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) presents distinct challenges as it relies solely on observational data. A central concern in this context is ensuring the safety of the learned policy by quantifying uncertainties associated with various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Tong Yu , Lina Yao

Distribution system state estimation (DSSE) is paramount for effective state monitoring and control. However, stochastic outputs of renewables and asynchronous streaming of multi-rate measurements in practical systems largely degrade the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-23 Ying Zhang , Junbo Zhao , Di Shi , Sungjoo Chung

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) has garnered significant attention for its ability to learn effective policies from pre-collected datasets without the need for further environmental interactions. While promising results have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 The Viet Bui , Thanh Hong Nguyen , Tien Mai

Constrained reinforcement learning (RL) seeks high-performance policies under safety constraints. We focus on an offline setting where the agent has only a fixed dataset -- common in realistic tasks to prevent unsafe exploration. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Junyu Guo , Zhi Zheng , Donghao Ying , Ming Jin , Shangding Gu , Costas Spanos , Javad Lavaei