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Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents extend large language models from text generation to action execution in real-world digital environments. Unlike conversational systems, GUI agents perform irreversible operations such as submitting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yucheng Shi , Wenhao Yu , Jingyuan Huang , Wenlin Yao , Wenhu Chen , Ninghao Liu

Recent advancements in image generation models have enabled the prediction of future Graphical User Interface (GUI) states based on user instructions. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on general domain visual fidelity, leaving…

In this paper, we define visual log of a software system as data capturing the interactions between its users and its graphic user interface (GUI), such as screen-shots and screen recordings. We vision that mining such visual log could be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Hung Pham , Tam Nguyen , Phong Vu , Tung Nguyen

Context: Specification mining techniques are typically used to extract the specification of a software in the absence of (up-to-date) specification documents. This is useful for program comprehension, testing, and anomaly detection.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Mohammad Jafar Mashhadi , Taha R. Siddiqui , Hadi Hemmati , Howard Loewen

WebView is a UI widget that helps integrate web applications into the native context of Android apps. It provides powerful mechanisms for bi-directional interactions between the native-end (Java) and the web-end (JavaScript) of an Android…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jiajun Hu , Lili Wei , Yepang Liu , Shing-Chi Cheung

In Android GUI testing, generating an action sequence for a task that can be replayed as a test script is common. Generating sequences of actions and respective test scripts from task goals described in natural language can eliminate the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Hieu Huynh , Hai Phung , Hao Pham , Tien N. Nguyen , Vu Nguyen

The development of high-quality datasets is crucial for benchmarking and advancing research in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents. Despite their importance, existing datasets are often constructed under idealized conditions, overlooking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jingqi Yang , Zhilong Song , Jiawei Chen , Mingli Song , Sheng Zhou , linjun sun , Xiaogang Ouyang , Chun Chen , Can Wang

With the rapid development of web technology, more and more software applications have become web-based in the past decades. To ensure software quality and user experience, various techniques have been proposed to automatically test web…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Siyi Wang , Sinan Wang , Yujia Fan , Xiaolei Li , Yepang Liu

The paper introduces GUI-Owl-1.5, the latest native GUI agent model that features instruct/thinking variants in multiple sizes (2B/4B/8B/32B/235B) and supports a range of platforms (desktop, mobile, browser, and more) to enable cloud-edge…

Autonomous GUI agents interact with environments by perceiving interfaces and executing actions. As a virtual sandbox, the GUI World model empowers agents with human-like foresight by enabling action-conditioned prediction. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yuhao Zheng , Li'an Zhong , Yi Wang , Rui Dai , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu , Linyuan Lv , Philip Torr , Kevin Qinghong Lin

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has enabled mobile GUI agents capable of visual perception, cross-modal reasoning, and interactive control. However, existing benchmarks are largely English-centric and fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yang Li , Yuchen Liu , Haoyu Lu , Zhiqiang Xia , Hongzhen Wang , Kaiyang Han , Changpeng Yang , Jinyang Wu , Jiaming Xu , Runyu Shi , Ying Huang

Context: Accessibility issues (e.g., small size and narrow interval) in mobile applications (apps) lead to obstacles for billions of low vision users in interacting with Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). Although GUI accessibility scanning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Mengxi Zhang , Huaxiao Liu , Shenning Song , Chunyang Chen , Pei Huang , Jian Zhao

Software testing is a crucial phase in software development, enabling the detection of issues and defects that may arise during the development process. Addressing these issues enhances software applications' quality, reliability, user…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Giacomo Garaccione , Tommaso Fulcini , Paolo Stefanut Bodnarescul , Riccardo Coppola , Luca Ardito

Autonomous mobile GUI agents have attracted increasing attention along with the advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, existing methods still suffer from inefficient learning from failed trajectories and ambiguous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Zichuan Lin , Feiyu Liu , Yijun Yang , Jiafei Lyu , Yiming Gao , Yicheng Liu , Zhicong Lu , Yangbin Yu , Mingyu Yang , Junyou Li , Deheng Ye , Jie Jiang

When a bug manifests in a user-facing application, it is likely to be exposed through the graphical user interface (GUI). Given the importance of visual information to the process of identifying and understanding such bugs, users are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Nathan Cooper , Carlos Bernal-Cárdenas , Oscar Chaparro , Kevin Moran , Denys Poshyvanyk

AI agents that build user interfaces on the fly assembling buttons, forms, and data displays from structured protocol payloads are becoming common in production systems. The trouble is that a payload can pass every schema check and still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mohd Safwan Uddin , Saba Hajira

Extracting semantic representations from mobile user interfaces (UI) and using the representations for designers' decision-making processes have shown the potential to be effective computational design support tools. Current approaches rely…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Seokhyeon Park , Wonjae Kim , Young-Ho Kim , Jinwook Seo

Ensuring usability is crucial for the success of mobile apps. Usability issues can compromise user experience and negatively impact the perceived app quality. This paper presents UX-LLM, a novel tool powered by a Large Vision-Language Model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Ali Ebrahimi Pourasad , Walid Maalej

With the popularity of smartphones and tablets, users have become accustomed to using different devices for different tasks, such as using their phones to play games and tablets to watch movies. To conquer the market, one app is often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Han Hu , Haolan Zhan , Yujin Huang , Di Liu

Existing Graphical User Interface (GUI) reasoning tasks remain challenging, particularly in UI understanding. Current methods typically rely on direct screen-based decision-making, which lacks interpretability and overlooks a comprehensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Songze Li , Xiaoke Guo , Tianqi Liu , Biao Yi , Zhaoyan Gong , Zhiqiang Liu , Huajun Chen , Wen Zhang
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