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Knowledge graph reasoning (KGR), aiming to deduce new facts from existing facts based on mined logic rules underlying knowledge graphs (KGs), has become a fast-growing research direction. It has been proven to significantly benefit the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ke Liang , Lingyuan Meng , Meng Liu , Yue Liu , Wenxuan Tu , Siwei Wang , Sihang Zhou , Xinwang Liu , Fuchun Sun

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) support reasoning over time-evolving facts, yet state-of-the-art models are often computationally heavy and costly to deploy. Existing compression and distillation techniques are largely designed for static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wang Xing , Wei Song , Siyu Lin , Chen Wu , Man Wang

While Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) on static facts is a matured field, Temporal Knowledge Graph Completion (TKGC), that incorporates validity time into static facts is still in its nascent stage. The KGC methods fall into multiple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Ishaan Singh , Navdeep Kaur , Garima Gaur , Mausam

Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning (TKGR) aims to complete missing factual elements along the timeline. Depending on the temporal position of the query, the task is categorized into interpolation and extrapolation. Existing interpolation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Jiawei Shen , Jia Zhu , Hanghui Guo , Weijie Shi , Guoqing Ma , Yidan Liang , Jingjiang Liu , Hao Chen , Shimin Di

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG), which characterizes temporally evolving facts in the form of (subject, relation, object, timestamp), has attracted much attention recently. TKG reasoning aims to predict future facts based on given historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Zhongni Hou , Xiaolong Jin , Zixuan Li , Long Bai , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Knowledge is inherently time-sensitive and continuously evolves over time. Although current Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enrich LLMs with external knowledge, they largely ignore this temporal nature. This raises two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jiale Han , Austin Cheung , Yubai Wei , Zheng Yu , Xusheng Wang , Bing Zhu , Yi Yang

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) Forecasting aims at predicting links in Knowledge Graphs for future timesteps based on a history of Knowledge Graphs. To this day, standardized evaluation protocols and rigorous comparison across TKG models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Julia Gastinger , Christian Meilicke , Federico Errica , Timo Sztyler , Anett Schuelke , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Stemming from traditional knowledge graphs (KGs), hyper-relational KGs (HKGs) provide additional key-value pairs (i.e., qualifiers) for each KG fact that help to better restrict the fact validity. In recent years, there has been an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Zifeng Ding , Jingcheng Wu , Jingpei Wu , Yan Xia , Volker Tresp

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) structurally preserve evolving human knowledge. Recent research has focused on designing models to learn the evolutionary nature of TKGs to predict future facts, achieving impressive results. For instance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhang Jiasheng , Li Zhangpin , Wang Mingzhe , Shao Jie , Cui Jiangtao , Li Hui

Knowledge graphs (KGs) consisting of a large number of triples have become widespread recently, and many knowledge graph embedding (KGE) methods are proposed to embed entities and relations of a KG into continuous vector spaces. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Mingyang Chen , Wen Zhang , Yushan Zhu , Hongting Zhou , Zonggang Yuan , Changliang Xu , Huajun Chen

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) is an extension of regular knowledge graph by attaching the time scope. Existing temporal knowledge graph question answering (TKGQA) models solely approach simple questions, owing to the prior assumption that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Rikui Huang , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Wenfeng Xie , Xianling Mao , Dangyang Chen

Research on knowledge graph embedding (KGE) has emerged as an active field in which most existing KGE approaches mainly focus on static structural data and ignore the influence of temporal variation involved in time-aware triples. In order…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Yuanfei Dai , Wenzhong Guo , Carsten Eickhoff

Knowledge graph embedding, which aims to learn the low-dimensional representations of entities and relationships, has attracted considerable research efforts recently. However, most knowledge graph embedding methods focus on the structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Yonghui Xu , Shengjie Sun , Yuan Miao , Dong Yang , Xiaonan Meng , Yi Hu , Ke Wang , Hengjie Song , Chuanyan Miao

Knowledge graph (KG) embedding encodes the entities and relations from a KG into low-dimensional vector spaces to support various applications such as KG completion, question answering, and recommender systems. In real world, knowledge…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Tianxing Wu , Arijit Khan , Melvin Yong , Guilin Qi , Meng Wang

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) focuses on representing the entities and relations of a knowledge graph (KG) into the continuous vector spaces, which can be employed to predict the missing triples to achieve knowledge graph completion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Yichi Zhang , Wen Zhang

Many complex real-world systems exhibit inherently intertwined temporal and spatial characteristics. Spatio-temporal knowledge graphs (STKGs) have therefore emerged as a powerful representation paradigm, as they integrate entities,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Philipp Plamper , Hanna Köpcke , Anika Groß

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning aims to predict future events from historical facts. A key challenge lies in jointly capturing two sources of predictive information in TKGs: historical evidence and evolutionary dynamics. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Shuai-long Lei , Xiaobin Zhu , Jiarui Liang , Guoxi Sun , Zhiyu Fang , Xu-Cheng Yin

Conventional embedding-based models approach event time prediction in temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) as a ranking problem. However, they often fall short in capturing essential temporal relationships such as order and distance. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Siheng Xiong , Yuan Yang , Ali Payani , James C Kerce , Faramarz Fekri

Knowledge graphs (KGs) typically contain temporal facts indicating relationships among entities at different times. Due to their incompleteness, several approaches have been proposed to infer new facts for a KG based on the existing ones-a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Rishab Goel , Seyed Mehran Kazemi , Marcus Brubaker , Pascal Poupart

Knowledge graphs (KGs) have been increasingly employed for link prediction and recommendation using real-world datasets. However, the majority of current methods rely on static data, neglecting the dynamic nature and the hidden…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ruiyi Yang , Flora D. Salim , Hao Xue