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The 15 puzzle is a classic reconfiguration puzzle with fifteen uniquely labeled unit squares within a $4 \times 4$ board in which the goal is to slide the squares (without ever overlapping) into a target configuration. By generalizing the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Erik D. Demaine , Mikhail Rudoy

Consider an n by n array of cards shuffled in the following manner. An element x of the array is chosen uniformly at random; Then with probability 1/2 the rectangle of cards above and to the left of x is rotated 180 degrees, and with…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robin Pemantle

We consider algorithmic problems motivated by modular robotic reconfiguration in the sliding square model, in which we are given $n$ square-shaped modules in a (labeled or unlabeled) start configuration and need to find a schedule of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Hugo A. Akitaya , Sándor P. Fekete , Peter Kramer , Saba Molaei , Christian Rieck , Frederick Stock , Tobias Wallner

A Gilbert-Shannon-Reeds (GSR) shuffle is performed on a deck of $N$ cards by cutting the top $n\sim Bin(N,1/2)$ cards and interleaving the two resulting piles uniformly at random. The celebrated "Seven shuffles suffice" theorem of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Mark Sellke , Jialu Shi , Jiamin Wang

In this paper, we are interested in parallel identical machine scheduling problems with preemption and release dates in case of a regular criterion to be minimized. We show that solutions having a permutation flow shop structure are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-09-19 D. Prot , O. Bellenguez-Morineau , C. Lahlou

Edge-matching problems, also called edge matching puzzles, are abstractions of placement problems with neighborhood conditions. Pieces with colored edges have to be placed on a board such that adjacent edges have the same color. The problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Martin Ebbesen , Paul Fischer , Carsten Witt

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. An ordered deck of $n$ cards labeled $1$ up to $n$ is riffle-shuffled exactly one time. Given a value $p\in(0{,}1)\setminus\{\frac12\}$, the riffle shuffle is assumed to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Markus Kuba

We study sorting algorithms based on randomized round-robin comparisons. Specifically, we study Spin-the-bottle sort, where comparisons are unrestricted, and Annealing sort, where comparisons are restricted to a distance bounded by a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Michael T. Goodrich

We study a new reconfiguration problem inspired by classic mechanical puzzles: a colored token is placed on each vertex of a given graph; we are also given a set of distinguished cycles on the graph. We are tasked with rearranging the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Kwon Kham Sai , Ryuhei Uehara , Giovanni Viglietta

We study the set of all pseudoline arrangements with contact points which cover a given support. We define a natural notion of flip between these arrangements and study the graph of these flips. In particular, we provide an enumeration…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-14 Vincent Pilaud , Michel Pocchiola

This paper is about the following question: How many riffle shuffles mix a deck of card for games such as blackjack and bridge? An object that comes up in answering this question is the descent polynomial associated with pairs of decks,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Conger , D. Viswanath

In this paper we study several variations of the \emph{pancake flipping problem}, which is also well known as the problem of \emph{sorting by prefix reversals}. We consider the variations in the sorting process by adding with prefix…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-05-04 Masud Hasan , Atif Rahman , M. Sohel Rahman , Mahfuza Sharmin , Rukhsana Yeasmin

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. An ordered deck of $n$ cards labeled $1$ up to $n$ is shelf-shuffled exactly one time. One after the other a single card is drawn from the shuffled deck. The guesser makes has guess…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Markus Kuba

We study a family of maps from $S_n \to S_n$ we call fixed point homing shuffles. These maps generalize a few known problems such as Conway's Topswops, and a card shuffling process studied by Gweneth McKinley. We show that the iterates of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-20 Jonathan Parlett

In this work we propose a heuristic algorithm for the layout optimization for disks installed in a rotating circular container. This is a unequal circle packing problem with additional balance constraints. It proved to be an NP-hard…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Washington Alves de Oliveira , Luiz Leduino de Salles Neto , Antonio Carlos Moretti , Ednei Felix Reis

Routing and scheduling problems are fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization, and also have many applications. Most variations of these problems are NP-Hard, so we need to use heuristics to solve these problems on large instances,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Arindam Pal

We propose a new kind of sliding-block puzzle, called Gourds, where the objective is to rearrange 1 x 2 pieces on a hexagonal grid board of 2n + 1 cells with n pieces, using sliding, turning and pivoting moves. This puzzle has a single…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Joep Hamersma , Marc van Kreveld , Yushi Uno , Tom C. van der Zanden

By a well-known result of Bayer and Diaconis, the maximum entropy model of the common riffle shuffle implies that the number of riffle shuffles necessary to mix a standard deck of 52 cards is either 7 or 11--with the former number applying…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Conger , D. Viswanath

An archetypal problem discussed in computer science is the problem of searching for a given number in a given set of numbers. Other than sequential search, the classic solution is to sort the list of numbers and then apply binary search.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Philon Nguyen

We prove PSPACE-completeness of two classic types of Chess problems when generalized to n-by-n boards. A "retrograde" problem asks whether it is possible for a position to be reached from a natural starting position, i.e., whether the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Josh Brunner , Erik D. Demaine , Dylan Hendrickson , Julian Wellman