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Unlocking spatial reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is crucial for enabling intelligent interaction with 3D environments. While prior efforts often rely on explicit 3D inputs or specialized model architectures, we ask:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Fangrui Zhu , Hanhui Wang , Yiming Xie , Jing Gu , Tianye Ding , Jianwei Yang , Huaizu Jiang

While recent advancements in machine learning, such as LLMs, are revolutionizing software development and creative industries, they have had minimal impact on engineers designing mechanical parts, which remains largely a manual process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Maximilian Mews , Ansar Aynetdinov , Vivian Schiller , Peter Eisert , Alan Akbik

Controllable generative models for images and videos have seen significant success, yet 3D scene generation, especially in unbounded scenarios like autonomous driving, remains underdeveloped. Existing methods lack flexible controllability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Ruiyuan Gao , Kai Chen , Zhihao Li , Lanqing Hong , Zhenguo Li , Qiang Xu

Generating controllable and physically plausible indoor scenes is a pivotal prerequisite for constructing high-fidelity simulation environments for embodied AI. However, existing deeplearning-based methods usually treat all objects as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zini Chen , Junming Huang , Rong Zhang , Jiamin Xu , Cheng Peng , Chi Wang , Weiwei Xu

One major goal of vision is to infer physical models of objects, surfaces, and their layout from sensors. In this paper, we aim to interpret indoor scenes from one RGBD image. Our representation encodes the layout of walls, which must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Ruiqi Guo , Chuhang Zou , Derek Hoiem

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has shown that reasoning improves when intermediate thoughts are externalized into explicit workspaces, such as chain-of-thought traces or tool-augmented reasoning. Yet, visual language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Oindrila Saha , Vojtech Krs , Radomir Mech , Subhransu Maji , Matheus Gadelha , Kevin Blackburn-Matzen

The significant progress on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have made it possible to generate surprisingly realistic images for single object based on natural language descriptions. However, controlled generation of images for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Hongdong Zheng , Yalong Bai , Wei Zhang , Tao Mei

We tackle the challenge of generating the infinitely extendable 3D world -- large, continuous environments with coherent geometry and realistic appearance. Existing methods face key challenges: 2D-lifting approaches suffer from geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Sikuang Li , Chen Yang , Jiemin Fang , Taoran Yi , Jia Lu , Jiazhong Cen , Lingxi Xie , Wei Shen , Qi Tian

2D concept art generation for 3D scenes is a crucial yet challenging task in computer graphics, as creating natural intuitive environments still demands extensive manual effort in concept design. While generative AI has simplified 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhenhong Sun , Yifu Wang , Yonhon Ng , Yongzhi Xu , Daoyi Dong , Hongdong Li , Pan Ji

Indoor scene synthesis has become increasingly important with the rise of Embodied AI, which requires 3D environments that are not only visually realistic but also physically plausible and functionally diverse. While recent approaches have…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yandan Yang , Baoxiong Jia , Shujie Zhang , Siyuan Huang

Deep generative models have been used in recent years to learn coherent latent representations in order to synthesize high-quality images. In this work, we propose a neural network to learn a generative model for sampling consistent indoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Pulak Purkait , Christopher Zach , Ian Reid

Large-scale scene data is essential for training and testing in robot learning. Neural reconstruction methods have promised the capability of reconstructing large physically-grounded outdoor scenes from captured sensor data. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Julian Ost , Andrea Ramazzina , Amogh Joshi , Maximilian Bömer , Mario Bijelic , Felix Heide

We study the problem of novel view synthesis from sparse source observations of a scene comprised of 3D objects. We propose a simple yet effective approach that is neither continuous nor implicit, challenging recent trends on view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Pengsheng Guo , Miguel Angel Bautista , Alex Colburn , Liang Yang , Daniel Ulbricht , Joshua M. Susskind , Qi Shan

Zero-shot learning on 3D point cloud data is a related underexplored problem compared to its 2D image counterpart. 3D data brings new challenges for ZSL due to the unavailability of robust pre-trained feature extraction models. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Majid Nasiri , Ali Cheraghian , Townim Faisal Chowdhury , Sahar Ahmadi , Morteza Saberi , Shafin Rahman

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown impressive reasoning abilities, yet they struggle with spatial understanding and layout consistency when performing fine-grained visual editing. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Haoyu Zhen , Xiaolong Li , Yilin Zhao , Han Zhang , Sifei Liu , Kaichun Mo , Chuang Gan , Subhashree Radhakrishnan

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have increasingly become the main paradigm for understanding indoor scenes, but they still struggle with metric and spatial reasoning. Current approaches rely on end-to-end video understanding or large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fernando Ropero , Erkin Turkoz , Daniel Matos , Junqing Du , Antonio Ruiz , Yanfeng Zhang , Lu Liu , Mingwei Sun , Yongliang Wang

Generating 3D scenes from human motion sequences supports numerous applications, including virtual reality and architectural design. However, previous auto-regression-based human-aware 3D scene generation methods have struggled to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Xiaolin Hong , Hongwei Yi , Fazhi He , Qiong Cao

One major goal of vision is to infer physical models of objects, surfaces, and their layout from sensors. In this paper, we aim to interpret indoor scenes from one RGBD image. Our representation encodes the layout of orthogonal walls and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Chuhang Zou , Ruiqi Guo , Zhizhong Li , Derek Hoiem

In this paper, we propose a novel method to jointly solve scene layout estimation and global registration problems for accurate indoor 3D reconstruction. Given a sequence of range data, we first build a set of scene fragments using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-07 Jeong-Kyun Lee , Jae-Won Yea , Min-Gyu Park , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Current text-to-image (T2I) generation models struggle to align spatial composition with the input text, especially in complex scenes. Even layout-based approaches yield suboptimal spatial control, as their generation process is decoupled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zheyuan Liu , Munan Ning , Qihui Zhang , Shuo Yang , Zhongrui Wang , Yiwei Yang , Xianzhe Xu , Yibing Song , Weihua Chen , Fan Wang , Li Yuan