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The current large auto-regressive models can generate high-quality, high-resolution images, but these models require hundreds or even thousands of steps of next-token prediction during inference, resulting in substantial time consumption.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yao Teng , Han Shi , Xian Liu , Xuefei Ning , Guohao Dai , Yu Wang , Zhenguo Li , Xihui Liu

Much recent effort has been invested in non-autoregressive neural machine translation, which appears to be an efficient alternative to state-of-the-art autoregressive machine translation on modern GPUs. In contrast to the latter, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Jungo Kasai , Nikolaos Pappas , Hao Peng , James Cross , Noah A. Smith

Tokenization is a foundational step in the text process of Large Language Models (LLMs). Texts must be first tokenized into token IDs, which are then input to LLMs. Inefficient tokenization results in long token-ID sequences and will slow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chong Li , Yingzhuo Deng , Wen Yang , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved impressive results in multimodal tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, they remain prone to object hallucination -- generating descriptions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinlin Li , Yuran Wang , Yifei Yuan , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xixian Yong , Yefeng Zheng , Xian Wu

Existing sentence ordering approaches generally employ encoder-decoder frameworks with the pointer net to recover the coherence by recurrently predicting each sentence step-by-step. Such an autoregressive manner only leverages unilateral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yi Bin , Wenhao Shi , Bin Ji , Jipeng Zhang , Yujuan Ding , Yang Yang

Autoregressive (AR) models, common in sequence generation, are limited in many biological tasks such as de novo peptide sequencing and protein modeling by their unidirectional nature, failing to capture crucial global bidirectional token…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Xiang Zhang , Jiaqi Wei , Zijie Qiu , Sheng Xu , Zhi Jin , ZhiQiang Gao , Nanqing Dong , Siqi Sun

Autoregressive (AR) visual generators model images as sequences of discrete tokens and are trained with a next-token likelihood objective. This strict causal supervision optimizes each step based only on the immediate next token, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yonghao Yu , Lang Huang , Zerun Wang , Runyi Li , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Recently, Vector Quantized AutoRegressive (VQ-AR) models have shown remarkable results in text-to-image synthesis by equally predicting discrete image tokens from the top left to bottom right in the latent space. Although the simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Zhengcong Fei , Mingyuan Fan , Li Zhu , Junshi Huang

Tokenization is a key component of autoregressive (AR) generative models, converting raw data into more manageable units for modeling. Commonly, tokens describe local information, such as regions of pixels in images or word pieces in text,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Zhitong Gao , Parham Rezaei , Ali Cy , Mingqiao Ye , Nataša Jovanović , Jesse Allardice , Afshin Dehghan , Amir Zamir , Roman Bachmann , Oğuzhan Fatih Kar

The generation speed of LLMs are bottlenecked by autoregressive decoding, where tokens are predicted sequentially one by one. Alternatively, diffusion large language models (dLLMs) theoretically allow for parallel token generation, but in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Daniel Israel , Guy Van den Broeck , Aditya Grover

Discrete image tokenizers have emerged as a key component of modern vision and multimodal systems, providing a sequential interface for transformer-based architectures. However, most existing approaches remain primarily optimized for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Aram Davtyan , Yusuf Sahin , Yasaman Haghighi , Sebastian Stapf , Pablo Acuaviva , Alexandre Alahi , Paolo Favaro

Image tokenizers play a critical role in shaping the performance of subsequent generative models. Since the introduction of VQ-GAN, discrete image tokenization has undergone remarkable advancements. Improvements in architecture,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Xiang Li , Kai Qiu , Hao Chen , Jason Kuen , Jiuxiang Gu , Jindong Wang , Zhe Lin , Bhiksha Raj

Generative models, widely utilized in various applications, can often struggle with prompts corresponding to partial tokens. This struggle stems from tokenization, where partial tokens fall out of distribution during inference, leading to…

Encoding video content into compact latent tokens has become a fundamental step in video generation and understanding, driven by the need to address the inherent redundancy in pixel-level representations. Consequently, there is a growing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Anni Tang , Tianyu He , Junliang Guo , Xinle Cheng , Li Song , Jiang Bian

The rapid advancement of next-token-prediction models has led to widespread adoption across modalities, enabling the creation of realistic synthetic media. In the audio domain, while autoregressive speech models have propelled…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yihan Wu , Georgios Milis , Ruibo Chen , Heng Huang

Visual tokenizers map high-dimensional raw pixels into a compressed representation for downstream modeling. Beyond compression, tokenizers dictate what information is preserved and how it is organized. A de facto standard approach to video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Andrei Atanov , Jesse Allardice , Roman Bachmann , Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , R Devon Hjelm , David Griffiths , Peter Fu , Afshin Dehghan , Amir Zamir

Autoregressive language models trained with next-token prediction generate text by sampling one discrete token at a time. Although very scalable, this objective forces the model to commit at every step, preventing it from exploring or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lorenzo Noci , Gregor Bachmann , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Moin Nabi

Token-level adaptive computation seeks to reduce inference cost by allocating more computation to harder tokens and less to easier ones. However, prior work is primarily evaluated on natural-language benchmarks using task-level metrics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ibraheem Muhammad Moosa , Suhas Lohit , Ye Wang , Moitreya Chatterjee , Wenpeng Yin

Non-autoregressive neural machine translation (NAT) generates each target word in parallel and has achieved promising inference acceleration. However, existing NAT models still have a big gap in translation quality compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Qiu Ran , Yankai Lin , Peng Li , Jie Zhou

Autoregressive decoding in language models is inherently slow, generating only one token per forward pass. We propose Parallel Token Prediction (PTP), a general-purpose framework for predicting multiple tokens in a single model call. PTP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Felix Draxler , Justus Will , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Theofanis Karaletsos , Sameer Singh , Stephan Mandt