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Alignment has become a critical step for instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to become helpful assistants. However, the effective evaluation of alignment for emerging Chinese LLMs is still largely unexplored. To fill in this gap,…

In modern computer architectures, the performance of many memory-bound workloads (e.g., machine learning, graph processing, databases) is limited by the data movement bottleneck that emerges when transferring large amounts of data between…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Pedro Carrinho , Hamid Moghadaspour , Oscar Ferraz , João Dinis Ferreira , Yann Falevoz , Vitor Silva , Gabriel Falcao

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has exponentially increased the demand for efficient serving systems. With growing requests and context lengths, key-value (KV)-related operations, including attention computation and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Lian Liu , Shixin Zhao , Yutian Zhou , Yintao He , Mengdi Wang , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Deep learning methods are transforming research, enabling new techniques, and ultimately leading to new discoveries. As the demand for more capable AI models continues to grow, we are now entering an era of Trillion Parameter Models (TPM),…

The automatic generation of deep learning (DL) kernels using large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising approach to reduce the manual effort and hardware-specific expertise required for writing high-performance operator…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zhongzhen Wen , Yinghui Zhang , Zhong Li , Zhongxin Liu , Linna Xie , Tian Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable outcomes in complex problems, including math, coding, and analyzing large amounts of scientific reports. Yet, few works have explored the potential of LLMs in quantum computing. The most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Linus Jern , Valter Uotila , Cong Yu , Bo Zhao

This paper presents a comprehensive software stack architecture for integrating quantum computing (QC) capabilities with High-Performance Computing (HPC) environments. While quantum computers show promise as specialized accelerators for…

Large Language Models-Cognitive Assistants (LLM-CAs) can enhance Quality Management Systems (QMS) in manufacturing, fostering continuous process improvement and knowledge management. However, there is no human-centred software architecture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Marcos Galdino , Johanna Grahl , Tobias Hamann , Anas Abdelrazeq , Ingrid Isenhardt

Operating on the principles of quantum mechanics, quantum algorithms hold the promise for solving problems that are beyond the reach of the best-available classical algorithms. An integral part of realizing such speedup is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Shifan Xu , Connor T. Hann , Ben Foxman , Steven M. Girvin , Yongshan Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for accelerating scientific discovery, yet their static knowledge and hallucination issues hinder autonomous research applications. Recent advances integrate LLMs into agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zeyu Xia , Jinzhe Ma , Congjie Zheng , Shufei Zhang , Yuqiang Li , Hang Su , P. Hu , Changshui Zhang , Xingao Gong , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai , Dongzhan Zhou , Mao Su

On the advent of the slow death of Moore's law, the silicon industry is moving towards a new era of chiplets. The automotive industry is experiencing a profound transformation towards software-defined vehicles, fueled by the surging demand…

High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems are the most powerful tools that we currently have to solve complex scientific simulations. Quantum computing (QC) has the potential to enhance HPC systems by accelerating the execution of specific…

The recently unprecedented advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled the medical community by establishing advanced medical-domain models. However, due to the limited collection of medical datasets, there are only a few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Ping Yu , Kaitao Song , Fengchen He , Ming Chen , Jianfeng Lu

Many modern workloads, such as neural networks, databases, and graph processing, are fundamentally memory-bound. For such workloads, the data movement between main memory and CPU cores imposes a significant overhead in terms of both latency…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Ivan Fernandez , Christina Giannoula , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Onur Mutlu

In recent years, various computing-in-memory (CIM) processors have been presented, showing superior performance over traditional architectures. To unleash the potential of various CIM architectures, such as device precision, crossbar size,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Songyun Qu , Shixin Zhao , Bing Li , Yintao He , Xuyi Cai , Lei Zhang , Ying Wang

The chip design process involves numerous steps, beginning with defining product requirements and progressing through architectural planning, system-level design, and the physical layout of individual circuit blocks. As the enablers of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Xinyue Wu , Zixuan Li , Fan Hu , Ting Lin , Xiaotian Zhao , Runxi Wang , Xinfei Guo

In the quest for fault-tolerant quantum computation using superconducting processors, accurate performance assessment and continuous design optimization stands at the forefront. To facilitate both meticulous simulation and streamlined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Xiaotong Ni , Ziang Wang , Rui Chao , Jianxin Chen

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has driven interest in Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for their effectiveness in processing sequential data. However, traditional LSTMs are limited by issues such as the vanishing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Yifan Zhou , Chong Cheng Xu , Mingi Song , Yew Kee Wong , Kangsong Du