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Few, if any, current NLP systems make any significant use of punctuation. Intuitively, a treatment of punctuation seems necessary to the analysis and production of text. Whilst this has been suggested in the fields of discourse structure,…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Bernard Jones

In this paper we explore where information is collected and how it is propagated throughout layers in large language models (LLMs). We begin by examining the surprising computational importance of punctuation tokens which previous work has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Sonakshi Chauhan , Maheep Chaudhary , Koby Choy , Samuel Nellessen , Nandi Schoots

Punctuation is critical in understanding natural language text. Currently, most automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems do not generate punctuation, which affects the performance of downstream tasks, such as intent detection and slot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Qiushi Huang , Tom Ko , H Lilian Tang , Xubo Liu , Bo Wu

Long-range semantic coherence remains a challenge in automatic language generation and understanding. We demonstrate that large language models have insufficiently learned the effect of distant words on next-token prediction. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Nikolay Malkin , Zhen Wang , Nebojsa Jojic

Punctuated text prediction is crucial for automatic speech recognition as it enhances readability and impacts downstream natural language processing tasks. In streaming scenarios, the ability to predict punctuation in real-time is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-31 Hanbyul Kim , Seunghyun Seo , Lukas Lee , Seolki Baek

We model coherent conversation continuation via RNN-based dialogue models equipped with a dynamic attention mechanism. Our attention-RNN language model dynamically increases the scope of attention on the history as the conversation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Hongyuan Mei , Mohit Bansal , Matthew R. Walter

Punctuation restoration is an important task in automatic speech recognition (ASR) which aim to restore the syntactic structure of generated ASR texts to improve readability. While punctuated texts are abundant from written documents, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Viet Dac Lai , Abel Salinas , Hao Tan , Trung Bui , Quan Tran , Seunghyun Yoon , Hanieh Deilamsalehy , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Coherence is an important aspect of text quality and is crucial for ensuring its readability. It is essential desirable for outputs from text generation systems like summarization, question answering, machine translation, question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Tushar Abhishek , Daksh Rawat , Manish Gupta , Vasudeva Varma

Ensuring proper punctuation and letter casing is a key pre-processing step towards applying complex natural language processing algorithms. This is especially significant for textual sources where punctuation and casing are missing, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Vasile Păiş , Dan Tufiş

Pause insertion, also known as phrase break prediction and phrasing, is an essential part of TTS systems because proper pauses with natural duration significantly enhance the rhythm and intelligibility of synthetic speech. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Dong Yang , Tomoki Koriyama , Yuki Saito , Takaaki Saeki , Detai Xin , Hiroshi Saruwatari

Punctuation restoration enhances the readability of text and is critical for post-processing tasks in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), especially for low-resource languages like Bangla. In this study, we explore the application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Md Obyedullahil Mamun , Md Adyelullahil Mamun , Arif Ahmad , Md. Imran Hossain Emu

Tuning language models for dialogue generation has been a prevalent paradigm for building capable dialogue agents. Yet, traditional tuning narrowly views dialogue generation as resembling other language generation tasks, ignoring the role…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jian Wang , Chak Tou Leong , Jiashuo Wang , Dongding Lin , Wenjie Li , Xiao-Yong Wei

Speech pauses, alongside content and structure, offer a valuable and non-invasive biomarker for detecting dementia. This work investigates the use of pause-enriched transcripts in transformer-based language models to differentiate the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Franziska Braun , Sebastian P. Bayerl , Florian Hönig , Hartmut Lehfeld , Thomas Hillemacher , Tobias Bocklet , Korbinian Riedhammer

We present a comprehensive empirical study for personalized spontaneous speech synthesis on the basis of linguistic knowledge. With the advent of voice cloning for reading-style speech synthesis, a new voice cloning paradigm for human-like…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Yuta Matsunaga , Takaaki Saeki , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Hiroshi Saruwatari

Segmenting text into sentences plays an early and crucial role in many NLP systems. This is commonly achieved by using rule-based or statistical methods relying on lexical features such as punctuation. Although some recent works no longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Markus Frohmann , Igor Sterner , Ivan Vulić , Benjamin Minixhofer , Markus Schedl

The organization of latent knowledge within large-scale models poses unique challenges when addressing overlapping representations and optimizing contextual accuracy. Conceptual redundancies embedded across layers often result in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Joseph Sakau , Evander Kozlowski , Roderick Thistledown , Basil Steinberger

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is widely used in consumer electronics. ASR greatly improves the utility and accessibility of technology, but usually the output is only word sequences without punctuation. This can result in ambiguity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Andrew Silva , Barry-John Theobald , Nicholas Apostoloff

While model architecture and training objectives are well-studied, tokenization, particularly in multilingual contexts, remains a relatively neglected aspect of Large Language Model (LLM) development. Existing tokenizers often exhibit high…

Deep neural networks have shown recent promise in many language-related tasks such as the modeling of conversations. We extend RNN-based sequence to sequence models to capture the long range discourse across many turns of conversation. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-18 John M. Pierre , Mark Butler , Jacob Portnoff , Luis Aguilar

Recent advances in audio-language models have demonstrated remarkable success on short, segment-level speech tasks. However, real-world applications such as meeting transcription, spoken document understanding, and conversational analysis…