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Localization for autonomous vehicles on highways remains under-explored compared to urban roads, and state-of-the-art methods for urban scenes degrade when directly applied to highways. We identify key challenges including environment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Daqian Cheng , Xuchu Ding , Yujia Wu , Xiang Zhang , Lei Wang

Over the last few years, we have witnessed tremendous progress on many subtasks of autonomous driving, including perception, motion forecasting, and motion planning. However, these systems often assume that the car is accurately localized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 John Phillips , Julieta Martinez , Ioan Andrei Bârsan , Sergio Casas , Abbas Sadat , Raquel Urtasun

Self-assessment is a key to safety and robustness in automated driving. In order to design safer and more robust automated driving functions, the goal is to self-assess the performance of each module in a whole automated driving system. One…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-02 Thomas Griebel , Johannes Müller , Michael Buchholz , Klaus Dietmayer

Autonomous Driving (AD) encounters significant safety hurdles in long-tail unforeseen driving scenarios, largely stemming from the non-interpretability and poor generalization of the deep neural networks within the AD system, particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yixuan Wang , Ruochen Jiao , Sinong Simon Zhan , Chengtian Lang , Chao Huang , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Qi Zhu

Robustness and safety are crucial properties for the real-world application of autonomous vehicles. One of the most critical components of any autonomous system is localisation. During the last 20 years there has been significant progress…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Siqi Yi , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

This paper introduces an approach that enhances the state estimator for high-speed autonomous race cars, addressing challenges from unreliable measurements, localization failures, and computing resource management. The proposed robust…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Daegyu Lee , Hyunwoo Nam , Chanhoe Ryu , Sungwon Nah , Seongwoo Moon , D. Hyunchul Shim

Robust and persistent localisation is essential for ensuring the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. When operating in large and diverse urban driving environments, autonomous vehicles are frequently exposed to situations that violate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Siqi Yi , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Global navigation satellite systems readily provide accurate position information when localizing a robot outdoors. However, an analogous standard solution does not exist yet for mobile robots operating indoors. This paper presents an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Xibo Li , Shruti Patel , David Stronzek-Pfeifer , Christof Büskens

Recent advancements in LiDAR technology have significantly lowered costs and improved both its precision and resolution, thereby solidifying its role as a critical component in autonomous vehicle localization. Using sophisticated 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Yuze Jiang , Ehsan Javanmardi , Manabu Tsukada , Hiroshi Esaki

Accurate cone localization in 3D space is essential in autonomous racing for precise navigation around the track. Approaches that rely on traditional computer vision algorithms are sensitive to environmental variations, and neural networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Mariia Baidachna , James Carty , Aidan Ferguson , Joseph Agrane , Varad Kulkarni , Aubrey Agub , Michael Baxendale , Aaron David , Rachel Horton , Elliott Atkinson

This study addresses the critical need for enhanced situational awareness in autonomous driving (AD) by leveraging the contextual reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional perception systems that rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Xuewen Luo , Fan Ding , Fengze Yang , Yang Zhou , Junnyong Loo , Hwa Hui Tew , Chenxi Liu

Accurate localization is a foundational capacity, required for autonomous vehicles to accomplish other tasks such as navigation or path planning. It is a common practice for vehicles to use GPS to acquire location information. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Dongfang Liu , Yiming Cui , Xiaolei Guo , Wei Ding , Baijian Yang , Yingjie Chen

Accurate localization in diverse environments is a fundamental challenge in computer vision and robotics. The task involves determining a sensor's precise position and orientation, typically a camera, within a given space. Traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Luca Di Giammarino , Boyang Sun , Giorgio Grisetti , Marc Pollefeys , Hermann Blum , Daniel Barath

The viability of automated driving is heavily dependent on the performance of perception systems to provide real-time accurate and reliable information for robust decision-making and maneuvers. These systems must perform reliably not only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Apostol Vassilev , Munawar Hasan , Edward Griffor , Honglan Jin , Pavel Piliptchak , Mahima Arora , Thoshitha Gamage

In addition to environmental perception sensors such as cameras, radars, etc. in the automatic driving system, the external environment of the vehicle is perceived, in fact, there is also a perception sensor that has been silently dedicated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Han Lei , Baoming Wang , Zuwei Shui , Peiyuan Yang , Penghao Liang

Underwater vehicles have emerged as a critical technology for exploring and monitoring aquatic environments. The deployment of multi-vehicle systems has gained substantial interest due to their capability to perform collaborative tasks with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Mingyang Yang , Zeyu Sha , Feitian Zhang

With their potential to significantly reduce traffic accidents, enhance road safety, optimize traffic flow, and decrease congestion, autonomous driving systems are a major focus of research and development in recent years. Beyond these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Xu Wang , Mohammad Ali Maleki , Muhammad Waqar Azhar , Pedro Trancoso

Localization in high-level Autonomous Driving (AD) systems is highly security critical. While the popular Multi-Sensor Fusion (MSF) based design can be more robust against single-source sensor spoofing attacks, it is found recently that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Junjie Shen , Yunpeng Luo , Ziwen Wan , Qi Alfred Chen

The recent proliferation of computing technologies (e.g., sensors, computer vision, machine learning, and hardware acceleration), and the broad deployment of communication mechanisms (e.g., DSRC, C-V2X, 5G) have pushed the horizon of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Liangkai Liu , Sidi Lu , Ren Zhong , Baofu Wu , Yongtao Yao , Qingyang Zhang , Weisong Shi

In recent years, automated driving has become viable, and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are now part of modern cars. These systems require highly precise positioning. In this paper, a cooperative approach to localization is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Christopher Schahn , Jorin Kouril , Bernd Schaeufele , Ilja Radusch
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